The Importance Of Studying Money Finance Essay

The Importance Of Studying Money Finance Essay Money helps us in avoiding the double coincidence of needs as required by a barter economy and by enabling specialization. However, the money supply has a lot of effects on the well being of its users. Some of these effects can be summarized as inflation, wealth creation/destruction etc. Thus it is very important to study money. Banking and financial markets are intermediaries that help provide a common platform, or a market place, for all individuals to inter act with each other. Banking and financial markets provide liquidity to the system and helps 2 individuals with exactly opposite needs meet on a common platform. Without an apt knowledge of the banking and financial markets, it is impossible to understand how changes around us would affect our wealth and in which way can we best utilize our wealth and help it grow and accumulate. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using financial intermediaries. Financial intermediaries help us by bringing together those entities with surplus funds and willingness to lend, with those with a shortage of funds and willingness to borrow. The benefits of such intermediation include; maturity and risk transformation, lesser transaction costs due to higher liquidity, better bargaining power due to alternative options etc. The function of financial intermediaries is to provide these advantages and make a profit while raising the overall efficiency of the economy. The disadvantage of financial intermediation is that such intermediation may be expensive on occasions. As seen in the recent economic crisis, financial intermediaries may also falter on exploiting structural loopholes in greed of higher profits in the short term while posing a threat to the economic stability in the long term. The given computer entry tells us that the Northwestern Energy company has issued bonds on March 15, 2001, with a principal value of $100,000, expiring in 20 years on March 15, 2021 and carrying an interest rate of 6% payable semi-annually. In the event of interest rates rising for new bonds issued in to the market for the same quality, it would imply that the bonds issued by Northwestern will be relatively expensive and thus less attractive than the newer bonds. Therefore, the value of the Bonds issued by Northwestern will have to fall to an extent that the yield on the bond becomes equal to the yield of the newer bonds issued. In making this inference we are assuming that the yield and interest rates are same. Friedmanà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s belief that when Fed lowers interest rates, they fall but do not stay lower for very long, reiterates his belief that in a free economy, the market always sets up at an equilibrium. Even though, there may be interventions by monetary authorities desired to accomplish certain goals and objectives, such intervention only leads to a temporary imbalance in the demand and supply attributes and over a longer period of time, the market resets itself to equilibrium. In the graph above, we assume that Dd is the initial money demand curve and Ss is the initial money supply curve. Thus, at equilibrium i* is the market determined interest rate and Q* the money supply and demand. Now, if the central bank authorities bring this interest rate down to say ia, a new but short lived equilibrium is formed due to the shift of the supply curve from Ss to Ssa. At this equilibrium, the demand curve has not yet responded to the change in Fed rates. Now as per Friedman, due to a lower interest rate, the liquidity in the market increases, thereby pushing the income of individuals northward. With higher level of incomes, inflation sets in due to a shift in the demand curve from Dd to Dda and the price levels begin to rise to offset the increase in income. Since inflation is a component of interest rates, the interest rates also rise proportionately in order to reset the market at another equilibrium where, in the example above, i* is the equilibrium interest rate and Q*a is the equilibrium money supply and demand. A company that has never received a bond rating will have to contact the rating agency, say Fitch, first. Once the agency is contacted, a credit analyst collates and gathers information required to determine risk to investors who might own or buy the bond. The kinds of information that are to be dispersed are background and history of the company/entity, industry trends, management vision/mission, experience, track record, and attitude towards risk, organization structure etc. He then analyzes the information on hand and develops a conclusion in committee on the appropriate rating. The analyst may also seek explanations and clarifications in to business procedures and audit some financial statements. After the rating is finalized, the agency monitors the security on an ongoing basis. In 2009, the Fed and the treasury were facing the most difficult times they have had to face since the great depression. On 19th March 2009, Fed decided to expand its balance sheet by a US$1,000,000,000,000. The Fed announced that it would inject up to $750 billion in Agency MBS that year. This was over and above an earlier commitment of $500 billion. Fed also announced the buying in to Agency bonds for $200 billion. It further declared that it would purchase up to $300 billion of longer dated Treasuries over the term. So, what was the fear behind such drastic measures? Answer is deflation. Earlier that year in January, Fed took the historic step of cutting the benchmark interest rate to as low as zero. They also called for greater government spending to help revive the economy. Such drastic measures were the result of the failure of Fed efforts like record rate cuts, emergency lending programs and backstops for debt markets, to halt the crisis.

Application of Positivist Theory in Criminology

Application of Positivist Theory in Criminology Positivist Theory and its Implications on the James Holmes Case Over the years, various theoretical frameworks have been proposed to explain the nature and causation of crimes. This includes the collective positivist theory, particularly the biological and psychological trait theories as explanations on why individuals commit certain crimes. The positivist tradition in criminology suggests that psychological, biological, and even social forces determine a person’s criminal behavior, hence noting that the criminal act is beyond the control of the person. To examine this theory and its implications to crime, one may analyze the case of James Holmes, the suspect of mass shooting at the Century movie house in Aurora, Colorado, killing 12 people on July 20, 2012. Investigations revealed that the alleged perpetrator had history of mental consultations, which strongly affirmed issues with his mental well-being. Considering that Holmes exhibited substantial signs and symptoms indicative of mental illness, prompt diagnosis and treatment might have prevented the fatal Aurora shooting; true to the goals of a positivist psychology, it is also best to manage Holmes through a treatment in a mental health facility, rather than a criminal punishment. Before examining how a psychological diagnosis and treatment might have prevented Holmes’ criminal act, it would be imperative to briefly discuss a specific sub-theory of the positivist psychology: the trait theory. The trait theory is an umbrella term that encompasses a combination of various biological, psychological, and social factors that predispose an individual to develop and exhibit criminal behavior (van Gelder de Vries, 2012). These factors can be present at birth and may continually influence a person’s social functioning over his or her life course. Biologically, criminal behaviors may be attributed to factors such as genetics, hormones, metabolism, and neuro-physiological conditions. The trait theory also turns to the psychodynamics of a person to determine underlying mood disorders, personality traits, and cognitive patterns that result to criminal behavior. The theory likewise integrates social factors including social learning and environmental constrai nts as potential causes of criminal behavior or delinquency. As will be explained in the succeeding parts of this essay, Holmes had mental health issues that feature a combination of these factors. There are several indicators and clinical pathways that would have prevented Holmes from committing the mass shooting in Aurora, beginning with his prior psychological assessments. Reports note that the accused gunman had appointments with three mental health practitioners before the violent rampage. These experts include Dr. Lynne Fenton, the head psychiatrist of the mental health services of University of Colorado (Denver) (BBC, 2013). Dr. Fenton sent a report to the university’s threat assessment team regarding Holmes’ risk for homicidal behavior, but final diagnosis and follow-up evaluations were not carried out (Rosenberg, 2014). There were also other indicators of the gunman’s psychological disturbance, including a â€Å"bizarre guttural, freakish† personal voicemail message (BBC, 2013). While the results of Holmes’ post-arrest mental health assessment remain confidential, psychologists believe that the gunman might be suffering from schizoph renia and psychopathy (Solty, 2012). These conditions could explain Holmes’ impaired ideation or sense of reality as well as his propensity to commit violence. Nonetheless, issues about his mental well-being were not promptly diagnosed and treated. Psychotherapy would have â€Å"contained† and managed his hallucinations and impaired thought processes, hence the prevention of the fatal shooting. As noted earlier, the trait theory also includes biological factors that combine with psychological factors that, when promptly addressed, could have prevented Holmes from attacking and killing civilians. Similar to his psychological assessment, published evidences of a neurobiological trauma or head injury were absent. However, one may add the possibility of brain trauma or brain tumor as an underlying or aggravating factors for his mental health issue. The planning and execution of mass killing itself attest to the gunman’s lack of empathy and reasonable judgment. These traits are characteristic of damage in the orbitofrontal cortex part of the brain (Burke, 2014). In other words, brain imaging studies such as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scanning can help validate or rule out the aforementioned conditions. The quantification and measurement offered by these diagnostic tests are central to the positivist psychology. In any case, it would ha ve added to an effective clinical management to prevent Holmes from exhibiting violence. Moreover, the trait theory also provides an explanation for the social dimensions that might have influenced Holmes’ criminal behavior. One may begin by looking at the following analysis of Solty (2012): It is clear that Holmes seems to have felt himself to be in a hopeless situation. And as a man he didn’t have the increasingly popular option of female students in North America of becoming an entrepreneur of one’s own youthful†¦ [and] in his obvious desperation Holmes anticipated his suspension [from the University of Colorado]. He prepared and pursued his own de-matriculation. In his state, he must have realized that he would probably no longer be a top performer. (p.10) The above description highlights that there are constraining social factors that might have led to Holmes’ frustrations. Media reports note that Holmes never had a romantic relationship prior to the shooting incident; he was also rejected by the women whom he contacted at a casual dating website (BBC, 2013). A consistent achiever, Holmes might have been affected by a decline in his academic performance, which led to his plan to withdraw from the university. Thus, feelings of social rejection also add another angle to Holmes’ criminal behavior. Experts also found a link between Holmes’ fondness for video games, relative to the popular vigilante figure- Batman, and aggression. Simply put, the gunman’s violent tendencies might also be reinforced through social learning. Considerations for these social factors could have also solidified any psychiatric diagnosis and determine appropriate clinical interventions to address Holmes’ mental health issues. Convinced that Holmes’ criminal behavior was a result of biological and psychosocial factors beyond his control, it is reasonable to insist that the appropriate intervention would be confinement and treatment to a mental health facility. This view also conforms to the core tradition of criminological positivism in that it places emphasis on therapy or rehabilitation, rather than punishment exemplified by incarceration or death penalty. It must be re-emphasized that Holmes was and continues to have substantial psychological issues that impair his judgment and sense of reality. While in jail, he even committed suicide attempts (BBC, 2013). Without psychotherapy and other treatment modalities to manage his mental health condition, containing and incarcerating Holmes would only be futile. In particular, studies note that the rate of recidivism among mentally-ill inmates could be as high as 80% because they receive lack or insufficient psychiatric treatments inside the prison (Burk e, 2014). The ability of the trait theory to sufficiently explain the host of factors for Holmes’ criminal behavior only indicates that the final resolution to this case would be an intervention that follows a positivist approach. Overall, Holmes provides a case in point as to how various factors may work to develop a criminal mind among people who are susceptible to violence. This gunman shows that personality traits and the elements of these traits could eventually reach its maximum tolerance, depriving a person of any remaining rationality and sense of reality. Psychological and criminological positivism suggests that such criminal behavior could have been prevented or managed through prompt diagnosis and treatment. Now that damage was already done, the only way forward is to treat and rehabilitate the psychologically unstable gunman. References BBC. (2013, April 1). Profile: Aurora cinema shooting suspect James Holmes. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-18937513 Burke, R. H. (2014). An introduction to criminological theory (4th ed.). New York: Routledge. Rosenberg, J. (2014). Mass shootings and mental health policy. Journal of Sociology Social Welfare, 41(1), 107-121. Solty, I. (2012). Dear Left: The NRA is right – The mass shooter as high-achiever: Historical-materialist considerations on the resistible fall of James Holmes and the pathologization and culturalization of the cinema massacre in Aurora, Colorado. Socialism Democracy, 26(3), 1-13. Retrieved from 10.1080/08854300.2012.722372 van Gelder, J.-L., de Vries, R. E. (2012). Traits and states: Integrating personality and affect into a model of criminal decision making* traits and states. Criminology, 50(3), 637-671. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2012.00276.x

The Chinese Cultural Revolution Essay -- China History Chinese Red Gua

The Chinese Cultural Revolution The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, beginning as a campaign targeted at removing Chairman Mao Zedong's political opponents, was a time when practically every aspect of Chinese society was in pandemonium. From 1966 through 1969, Mao encouraged revolutionary committees, including the red guards, to take power from the Chinese Communist party authorities of the state. The Red Guards, the majority being young adults, rose up against their teachers, parents, and neighbors. Following Mao and his ideas, The Red Guard's main goal was to eliminate all remnants of the old culture in China. They were the 'frontline implementers' who produced havoc, used bloody force, punished supposed 'counter revolutionists', and overthrew government officials, all in order to support their 'beloved leader'.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ?Red Guards? was a title given to people belonging to many different social groups: workers, peasants, demobilized soldiers and students. A vast majority of the people in this group were youngsters in their mid-teens, who were summoned at their middle schools by Mao. The Red Guard youth soon turned from obedient to rebellious students. Red Scarf Girl is a novel based on truth, terror and courage during the Cultural Revolution. The following excerpt discusses about the hundreds of wall posters the young Red Guard?s wrote, which discriminated against teachers, and members of their community. ?Sheet after sheet, article after article, each da-zi-bao was a bitter accusation. One was titled, ?Teacher Li, Abuser of the Young.? The student had failed to hand in her homework on time, and Teacher Li had told her to copy the assignment over five times as punishment. Another student said his teacher had deliberately ruined his students? eyesight by making them read a lot, so they could not join the Liberation Army. Still another accused Teacher Wang of attempting to corrupt a young revolutionary by buying her some bread when he learned that she had not eaten lunch.? (42) With the incentive of being promoted, the youth set out to change the whole educational system. The students denounced the old curriculum and lessons, which taught abstract ideas not pertaining to the revolution. They vilified respectable administrators, whose only intentions were to educate children and turn them into intelligent young adults. This disruption in the ... ...ng the time of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, mayhem was a part of everyday life. Mao Zedong encouraged rebellious actions from the Red Guards, and rewarded those who shone as leaders. He also targeted his political rivals by provoking the Red Guards to follow his ideas, and annihilate all remnants of china?s old culture. After the revolution ended, the Red guards received the disciplinary actions they deserved, and the tortured victims finally inadvertently received the vengeance they deserved. Works Cited Cheng, Nien. Life and Death in Shanghai. New York, New York: The Penguin Group, 1986. Hoobler, Dorothy, Thomas Hoobler, and Michael Kort, comps. China: Regional Studies Series. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Globe Fearon, 1993. 174-177. Interview Mr. Nien with His Daughter. The Harbinger. 27 Mar. 2001. 21 May 2004 . Jiang, Ji Li. Red Scarf Girl. N.p.: HarperTrophy, n.d. Mr, Nie. Interview with His Daughter. The Harbinger. 27 Mar. 2001. 21 May 2004 . Nie, Mr.. Interview with His Daughter. The Harbinger. 27 Mar. 2001. 21 May 2004 . "Red Guards." Brittanica. "Red Guards." Wikipedia. 20 May 2004 . "Red Guard." tiscali.reference. 21 May 2004 .

The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence :: essays research papers

The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence Israel, slightly larger than Massachusetts, lies at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Egypt on the west, Syria and Jordan on the east, and Lebanon on the north. Its maritime plain is extremely fertile, but only 17% of the land is arable (Figure 1). The southern Negev region, which comprises almost half the total area, is largely a desert. The Jordan River flows from the north through Lake Hule and Lake Kinneret, finally entering the Dead Sea, 1,349 ft below sea level, the world's lowest land elevation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a time of war, it is far too easy to get caught up in the violence, and forget that the true goal is peace. Hate, death, and pain make it difficult for the belligerent nations to think rationally and come up with a plan to end the violence. This is why a third party is necessary. A third party sees the situation from an outsider’s viewpoint. Therefore, they are able to offer better advice and solutions. This situation is applicable to the current Middle East Crisis. Palestine and Israel cannot come to a peaceful solution without the help of the international community. In order to help the feuding parties, the United States needs to be neutral, fair, and unbiased. The current leaders need to avoid the mistakes made by the historical leaders and nations that led to the escalation of the conflict, like McMahon-Hussein Correspondence did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The McMahon-Hussein correspondence is essentially â€Å"a series of letters exchanged, in 1915, between Feisal Hussein, who was Sherif of Mecca at the time, and the British High Commissioner in Egypt, Sir Henry McMahon (Khalidi 1980, 92).† The British were willing to negotiate with the Arabs because they needed military support during the First World War, and the Arabs could provide this support. In this correspondence, the British representative promised to Hussein that if the Arabs revolt against the Turks, the British government would grant them independence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main controversy in McMahon-Hussein correspondence and the question of Palestine at large lies in the certain areas, that McMahon claimed "cannot be said to be purely Arab" and should therefore "be excluded from the proposed limits and boundaries, of the Arab state (Khalidi 1980,117).† There is also an opinion that the correspondence at issue has no legal grounds, since it was never concluded in mutual agreement. The Arab community took the British promise seriously, and the events that took place only a couple of years after the series of letters were passed certainly infuriated the Arab population. The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence :: essays research papers The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence Israel, slightly larger than Massachusetts, lies at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Egypt on the west, Syria and Jordan on the east, and Lebanon on the north. Its maritime plain is extremely fertile, but only 17% of the land is arable (Figure 1). The southern Negev region, which comprises almost half the total area, is largely a desert. The Jordan River flows from the north through Lake Hule and Lake Kinneret, finally entering the Dead Sea, 1,349 ft below sea level, the world's lowest land elevation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a time of war, it is far too easy to get caught up in the violence, and forget that the true goal is peace. Hate, death, and pain make it difficult for the belligerent nations to think rationally and come up with a plan to end the violence. This is why a third party is necessary. A third party sees the situation from an outsider’s viewpoint. Therefore, they are able to offer better advice and solutions. This situation is applicable to the current Middle East Crisis. Palestine and Israel cannot come to a peaceful solution without the help of the international community. In order to help the feuding parties, the United States needs to be neutral, fair, and unbiased. The current leaders need to avoid the mistakes made by the historical leaders and nations that led to the escalation of the conflict, like McMahon-Hussein Correspondence did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The McMahon-Hussein correspondence is essentially â€Å"a series of letters exchanged, in 1915, between Feisal Hussein, who was Sherif of Mecca at the time, and the British High Commissioner in Egypt, Sir Henry McMahon (Khalidi 1980, 92).† The British were willing to negotiate with the Arabs because they needed military support during the First World War, and the Arabs could provide this support. In this correspondence, the British representative promised to Hussein that if the Arabs revolt against the Turks, the British government would grant them independence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main controversy in McMahon-Hussein correspondence and the question of Palestine at large lies in the certain areas, that McMahon claimed "cannot be said to be purely Arab" and should therefore "be excluded from the proposed limits and boundaries, of the Arab state (Khalidi 1980,117).† There is also an opinion that the correspondence at issue has no legal grounds, since it was never concluded in mutual agreement. The Arab community took the British promise seriously, and the events that took place only a couple of years after the series of letters were passed certainly infuriated the Arab population.

Essay Childhood Obesity Essay

Childhood Obesity is a health issue, cause by having excess body weight as well as excess of body fat. This is a serious problem for the future of society especially now that our children are not getting enough physical activities because of technology and unhealthy eating patterns. Children who are obese are likely to be obese as adults. Therefore, this habits can take our children to have serious health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, stroke, high cholesterol, and many others health problems. The environment in which we live is been also part of this problem. Children are surrounded by unhealthy commercials and bad influence from their parents. Beverages like sodas which contains approximately 400 calories, and unhealthy choices of meals have contributed to this epidemic cause. Leading our children by giving them examples of how to prevent this kind of problems could be a solution for a better lifestyle and future. It is important that parents support their children by helping them do a diet and physical activities. If your child look at you as a good example of how to stay healthy, they are more likely to be and stay active for their own. Instead of leaving them playing video games, take them to the park and have fun. Being able to spend more time with your kids and being part of their life, can take them to be better not only mentally, but physically. Childhood obesity is been an enormous problem for our society. Furthermore, it is our responsibility to help the future generations by giving them a good example of living and love for those who needs the most. Web, www.obesityaction.org, www.healthychildren.org

How UPS Delivers Objective Performance Appraisals Essay

Executive SummaryIn the analytic come downking below you give read about UPS and how they deliver objective executing estimates. You will gain an understand of how the writ of execution of PDAs has regulate their rating growth. It will further justify why UPS is not a people-centered participation, how they merged the detailed incidents appraisal technique, the legally defensibility of their military rating program, how they dont cross the melt off line between supervision and snoopervision and what they fire do to improve their driver valuation program.BackgroundFor the United Parcel serve up (UPS) find if objectivity is accurately creation practiced during a review is a difficult appendage but an all meaning(a)(p) one. The implementation of personal digital assistants (PDAs) has helped in for sure the use of objectivity by streamerizing the military rating treat by softw be. During reviews supervisory programs withdraw ride-alongs with their employees to curb procedures and policies be be followed. Before the world of companywide checklists through the PDAs there was no centering of knowing if every employee was receiving the same valuation and creation evaluated on the same scale. PDAs collapse given supervisors the expertness to stay contacted to things much(prenominal) as e-mail term cursorily identifying prepare needs and allowing access to training resources. UPS has seen the advantages of PDAs and will continue to put to a greater extent in the field as they command objectivity and provide a steadfast structure for employee paygrades.AnalysisAccording to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on varlet 273 Jeffrey Pfeffer found a company between people-centered put ons, higher profits, and lower employee turnover. He also identified seven people-centered practices one- trine of which at oncely relate to this instance. The first practice is employee empowerment through decentralization and self-managed teams. decen tralisation check to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008)on rapscallion 254 is counsellings sharing of decision-making authority with lower-level employees. In this case UPS has decided that supervisors instead of uppermanagement such as human resources would conduct ride-alongs to evaluate how well their employees are perform and following procedures. The second practice is sharing of key information. With the implementation of PDAs supervisors are everlastingly connected to e-mail and other important resources.The PDAs fork out made the paygrade run much uniform passim the company and give supervisors the ability to quickly transmit information when they get back to the office. The third practice is comprehensive training. Supervisors lowlife use the PDAs in the field to walk employees through applied methods and identify training needs. Although ternary of the seven people-centered practices relate to this case according to Pfeffer the seven practices are an integrated piece of ground that should not be implemented bit-by-bit and for this reason he would not foreknow UPS a people-centered company. According to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on page 280 consummation appraisal is evaluating short letter slaying as a basis for force play decisions. Based on the information in the case UPS is development the critical incidents technique.The critical incidents technique mentioned in (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on page 281 states, Specific instances of inferior and superior performance are documented by the supervisor when they occur. By conducting ride-alongs with the employees supervisors are in a perfect situation to fulfill the requirements of this technique. The PDAs with the checklists which are the same and used by everyone throughout the company ensure employees are being evaluated on the same procedures and policies and that supervisors are using the same military rating scale when determining hypothecate performance. To avoid legal execute when evaluating an employees performance according to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on page 280 employers need to base their appraisal systems on the following four criteria, job analysis, behavior oriented, specific written instructions, and reviewed results. UPS with the implementation of PDAs has plunderly satisfied these requirements. Preloaded software has move the evaluation suffice into a standard procedure while identifying and outlining the specific tasks and skills undeniable for an employee to be successful. A series of checklists describing in detail the employees duties give supervisors the ability to objectively rate individual performance no matter who is giving the evaluation or where it is taking place.During an evaluation if an employee is not following procedures supervisors have the ability to figure them in thefield the straightlaced delegacy it needs to be done. After the evaluation the supervisor has everything needed to give direct feedback and suggestions to the employee so they have a clear understanding of how they are doing and how performance can be improved. Snoopervision is a management modal value involving spying and intrusive practices. With this definition in mind UPS does not cross the thin line between supervision and snoopervision. Ride-alongs by supervisors are common practice and the outmatch indicator of an employees performance. The implementation of PDAs have simply given the employee a light chance at receiving an honest evaluation found solely on how they mold by standardizing the evaluation surgical procedure companywide. For most(prenominal) employees in the U.S. a growing name of their employer looking over their shoulder and violating their proper(a) to privacy is becoming more and more evident as technology evolves.In the case of UPS this shouldnt be a concern because the implementation of technology is not being used to spy or to implement intrusive practices but to mightily train and keep employees s afe while preforming their job. After reading the case I think the implementation of the PDAs have greatly improved the driver evaluation program. PDAs maintain a companywide standardized evaluation process with light-colored access to information demand to mighty evaluate, train, and give feedback to employees. Moving frontwards a concentrated effort by upper management needs to be placed on making sure the employees are retaining and transferring information provided to them during the evaluation process to the job. They should also get feedback from their employees on how they viewed the evaluation program, if they gained the knowledge and skills intended, and if any improvements are being made. Implementing persuade-evaluation surveys and quizzes would serve as quick and easy indicators for supervisors if employees are actually learning and understanding the information they are receiving through the evaluation program. Insights /RecommendationsResearching this case has gi ven me a remediate understanding of how important the seven people-centered practices are to an organization and why only 12 percent of organizations are currently considered people-centered. It has heart-to-heart my eyes to the performance appraisal process and how important it is for employers to ensure legal defensibility of their appraisals. acquiringknowledge and information from employees is the key to properly gaining an understanding of how well an evaluation process is working and if any changes need to be made. Moving forward UPS simply needs to continue implementing procedures and policies that ensure the use of objectivity during employee evaluations. Supervisors need to fully understand these procedures and policies and fetch sure they continue to evaluate based on the guidelines listed in the checklists. Assuring proper retention and transfer of knowledge to the job will be an ongoing process and should be evaluated by ride-alongs with the use of post training surve ys and quizzes. For success to continue in the organization communication along with streetwise resources are key and it will be the responsibility of upper management to fool sure both have a strong presence within the organization..

The Speech Given by Romano Prodi

Evaluation of the computer address presumption by Romano Prodi, the hot seat of the European accusation 2000-2005 in Euro parliament, Strasbourg, 15 February 2000. After a readily glance at the speech we can retard a positive inspiration of an ex-prime minister of Italy, to a stronger, healthier Europe thorough a wagerer management of sc be resources (money) and optimization (review our priorities and localise on our event business).To focus on its authoritative priorities to put away low-priority activities and indeed free up resources. Prodi wants to revive the illogical faith in the European institutions. Enlargement, progress, lower unemployment. inflect Europes capacity for prosperity and progress. This vision then, is for an all-round support enabling the construction of a Europe sufficient of upholding its cause responsibilities towards future candidates for accession.Enlargement, approached on a keister of such a b highroad design, adds a enactment of consid erable advantages policy-makingly, it strengthens the role of democracy in east Europe conomically, it offers the aspect of a vaster, to a greater extent free-enterprise(a) market from the security viewpoint, it can represent the showtime point for a fresh all-European system of guarantees, thus playing a complementary role with the gush of NATO, offering Russia reasons for integrating and cooperating with the West.However, usual debates close ready and sustained growth, security, sense of meaning and purpose and intercommunicate its model into a wider world consume a strong political motive. Not only Prodi wants to occupy his personal ambitions, exactly as well want to command the entire process of establishment of new Europe. carnal knowledge to the in-house administrative reform of the consignment. Renewed understanding of the tasks and core business of the counseling that are enshrined in the Treaty, given the new context of interdependence and interactions be tween motley levels of government.Despite denying of thinking imperialistically, the aims are to establish a control over large territories, to impose European principles. We must aim to perform a orbiculate civil power. European interests mentioned by the president of the Commission are nonhing else but a wish for Europe to be a superpower. Prodi paints a picture of a European Union more and more at ease with itself as it grows in some(prenominal) political and economic stature. Take economics first-year Romano Prodis five-year statement, published a week in throw out of his appearance at the European Parliament, is a belong of Thatcherite economic rectitude and Clintons high-tech infospeak.His objectives are clear. To push for continued, if painful, reform of Europes welfare systems and labour markets. To lend oneself the euro-inspired disciplines on earth consumption. To promote the case for promote international trade liberalisation. To point Europe towards a high-va lue service economy, based on high customary educational standards and widespread access to information technology, to impact that of the US. To clamp d let on state subsidies and allow space for private initiative.What Romano Prodi does not say is maybe even more large no more corporatism, no more inflated public spending projects, and no more false promises. His approach leave alone be reinforced at a supernumerary summit of European leaders in capital of Portugal at the end of March. The political willing at last seems to be in place to transform the palaver of economic reform into practice across Europe. Among new priorities, Prodi said the commission ask to improve the tar of its external aid the EU is the worlds largest donor but its work is often slowed and hampered by top-heavy knowledgeable systems and lack of staff where they are needed.It will focus on the Balkans, notably aiming to liberalise trade, build fundament and support political and civil reforms to bring those countries close to the EU, he said. The commission will also smartly conduct EU enlargement negotiations and develop cooperation with Russia and the Mediterranean countries. EU enlargement, aimed at bringing many of those countries into the European family of nations, will be a hard road to travel, Prodi warned. We will have to win over public opinion. We will be open, but also coarse and tough in negotiations. even as Prodi communicate parliament, EU foreign ministers meeting in capital of Belgium were formally opening membership talks with the countenance wave of six applicant countries Malta, Romania, Slovakia, Latvia, Lithuania and Bulgaria. Six others Cyprus, Hungary, Poland, Estonia, the Czechoslovakian Republic and Slovenia have been in talks for both years. Enlargement is necessary, said Prodi, if we are to spread peace, stability and shared values throughout the continent. We must check the public that enlargement is not serious an clumsy necessit y, it is an historical opportunity in our joint political and economic interests.The challenge of enlargement involves break with the past. The prospect of enlargement automatically gives the Union a continent wide posture, which requires a redefinition of its internal policies and makes it a bench mark player for the Russian Federation and Mediterranean area. It also increases the Unions responsibility as a power in the context of world(a)isation. Institutional and democratic challenges are also inevitable. The priority now needs to be changing the methods to ensure that objectives can be understood and acted on successfully.Encourage discussion amongst citizens of European values, issues and decisions. Reform the process for preparing and implementing Community rules and policies to ensure that they are pertinent and coherent. The commission will overhaul its own functioning concentrating on core business and throw off activities. This will be our response to one of the samara c riticisms made by the Committee of Independent Experts the mate between resources and tasks. We will demonstrate that we can stand by them match by shedding activities. He confirm the commissions proposal to decentralise its exclusive powers in contestation policy to national competition authorities and courts, allowing it break down to develop and interpret the rules and deal with competition cases that have a real Community impact. Governance will be run inton to encompass rules, processes and behaviour that equal the way in which powers are exercised at European level, particularly as regards accountability, clarity, transparency, coherence efficiency and effectiveness. Does the Commission act in democratic way? Does the actions master their objectives?What should be done to improve situations? The speech, as I see, has a strong political tone. It is not just about optimizing European management, it is to re-inforce the Commission. None of the European institutions are untouchable. Many of them will be forced to hang thier power. Shift from a procedure-oriented organisation to a policy-oriented one. And Commission is going to be that one. The Commission must become a political driving force to habitus the new Europe, that inspires and manages, acting always in European interest, moving away from the more traditional tasks.His global ambitions demand some attention too. He wants to take a real participation in regulation world class questions such as wars, genocides. In my opinion, his intention is to counterbalance NATO and US trough establishing own European seurity and intervention into at least European conflicts. The concept of governance is aimed at a greens political system of the European Union. Construction of a Community that respects the identity of each of its portion States. Reformation of European modes of governance is all about improving democracy in Europe.Prodis speech to parliament did not draw general praise. Some called it a scientific treatise but not a real political strategy. Others told There is nothing new at all in working program, lots of prose, not much optismism. There are still significant disparities among the countries of Europe and you fail to address these. Prodi said that actions speaks louder than words. Even if a small part of what he intends to do will occur, we shall see a quite contrastive Europe in terms of strength, political behaviour and a strong institute, the Commission.