Essay on Climate Change

Climate is the average condition of temperature, amount of water vapor in air that is humidity and rainfall that has persisted over years and centuries and millenniums. Does climate ever change? Yes! It had changed! Earth, when newly made, was hot and red! Eventually it cooled and biological life started. Then Ice age eclipsed whole of the Earth, with chilled winds blowing all over the place. Gradually, the climate again changed to normal. Then the question arises, â€Å"What is actually normal temperature? † It might be the range of level of mercury in which life can persist.The climate, therefore, has changed, starting from hot to normal to cold and then it began reversing to normal and then what? What is going to be the next? Are we moving to the starting? The Earth may get that hot again. As we are seeing, these days, the issue of Global warming, green house effect is becoming the primary talk. But which force is changing the climate? The earlier stages of climate change w ere supposed to be caused by natural phenomena such as meteor strike, volcanoes, air currents and many others.But presently, what is causing climate change? None of the natural effects is taking place. But still, the temperature is rising, the Ice at the poles is melting, carbon dioxide levels are increasing and the ozone layer is being damaged. These all disasters are taking place due only one parasite, the HUMAN RACE. Humans are setting up industries, power plants, using excess of air conditioners, burning fossil fuels and flourishing cities just for the sake of the rise of temperature and increase of toxins in the air.A person driving a car, relaxing in the cool air of ACs and listening to the radio does not realize that he is emitting thirty seven grams of highly toxic carbon monoxide every four kilometers and amounts of sulfur dioxide. A youngster spending time on social networking on a computer doesn’t realize that he is emitting two hundred fifty kilograms of Carbon di oxide every year. These all will invite doom. Sulfur dioxide will combine with clouds and sulfuric acid would rain. The reaction of sulfuric acid with life would turn the latter into pillars of carbon. Due to rise in temperature, our lakes and seas would evaporate.Our monuments would fall. To prevent ourselves from doom, we should use everything sustainably. Now, what is sustainability? It means the use of resources judiciously so that they sustain for the generations to come. Let’s map a dream city that is sustainable and comfortable. The main issue that is swallowing most of the natural resources and emitting a huge amount of heat and harmful gases is the production of electricity from power plants. These days, most of the electricity for domestic and industrial use is being created from the combustion of coal. Coal is a fossil fuel and may end up soon if used in excess.Besides when burnt, it gives out many poisonous fumes including oxides of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon mon oxide. It also gives out CO2, a greenhouse gas. We can use nuclear energy to reduce the emissions of poisonous fumes but may not be able to reduce CO2 content. The other options that arise are solar and wind energy, but they are a diffused source and not permanent. Hydroelectric energy and tidal energy is also getting famous and are also good alternatives. Then arises the second most alarming issue, that is, pollution by automobiles. Petroleum is quite polluting and limited fossil fuels.One good alternative of this may be hydrogen. Hydrogen is one of the most abundant element on Earth and the fuel with one of the highest caloforic value. But it may seem bulky plus it is highly explosive. CNG and LPG are also good fuels but are also a part of fossil fuels. Third issue is the increase in usage of non – biodegrable materials such as plastics and synthetic fibres. Currently, usage of paper bags and jute bags is suggested to be the best. The last prominent issue is the scarcity of water. Water is being used in excess and soon potable water may perish.Good options are usage of special toilets designed to use less water in flush and usage of renewed water. So, my dream city would be like this: Everyone use electrical equipment judiciously. Electricity would be produced from Solar, Wind, and Tidal & Hydroelectric energy. Everyone would use jute and paper bags and won’t do unnecessary shopping. Every bit of paper would be recycled. Cars would run on hydrogen, battery and car pool would persist. Cycles would be preferred more. Toilets would use less water and no tap would be kept open unnecessarily. Luxurious, Global warming free, green and sustainable, a dream city would be†¦..

Lady Macbeth Coursework Essay

When Shakespeare was writing ‘Macbeth’, most people believed that the Sun went around the Earth and that magic and witchcraft existed. This made them very superstitious indeed. Religion was also a dominant factor at the time. All children were baptized, soon after they were born. This then enabled them to be taught the essentials of the Christian religion. Education at the time was only best for the rich. Shakespeare was one of the lucky ones; because of him being brought up in a very wealthy society he got the chance to be well educated. This then got him writing plays such as Twelfth Night, Hamlet and including Macbeth. He is now widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in English literature. In ‘Macbeth’, Lady Macbeth can be seen in many ways which can be related to Macbeth’s villainy. She can be seen as the protector/protected, manipulator, victim, Jacobean wife and also how she is in charge of the relationship with Macbeth. Manipulation is the process of bending another to your will and making them believe or do something that they normally wouldn’t do. Manipulation can be seen when both Lady Macbeth and Macbeth plot to kill their own King (King Duncan). â€Å"And live a coward in thine own esteem†, in this quotation we can see that Lady Macbeth is literally saying to Macbeth that he is only being a coward to himself if he was going to back away from the deed. Lady Macbeth uses such strong words so that Macbeth has a greater chance of not backing down to the regicide. From analysing the quote ‘live a coward in thine’ we can clearly see that the word ‘coward’ is emphasised with the word ‘thine’. The word ‘coward’ means someone who is afraid and someone with no bravery at all. This is important to me because it gives a great impact to the reader that Macbeth is being called a ‘coward’ by his own wife. This to me sounds like Lady Macbeth is acting in a very sly way to get her husband to do what she wants him to do. Another example of manipulation can be seen when Lady Macbeth is talking about the plot to kill the King with Macbeth. â€Å"These deeds must not be thought after these ways†¦so, it will make us mad†. Here we can see that Lady Macbeth is trying to bend the situation a bit so that it goes to her favour. In other words, telling Macbeth to not worry about what has happened. ‘It will make us mad’. In this quote the word ‘mad’ is important because it is being emphasised so that Macbeth is more alert about the murder. Mad is an adjective which is usually associated with people that are not acting in a normal way. To me this suggests that Lady Macbeth is saying that if you don’t forget about the deed, we are going to be in a normal state. We can also see Lady Macbeth in control of the relationship with Macbeth when she helps Macbeth with the murder of King Duncan, making the guards drunk, assuring that Macbeth doesn’t get caught in the process. â€Å"Only look up clear; to alter favour ever is to fear. Leave all the rest to me†. In this text we can literally see that Lady Macbeth is giving Macbeth the opportunity for her to do most of the covering up, this clearly indicates Lady Macbeth taking the role of being the ‘protector’ towards her husband. By the use of the command ‘Leave all the rest to me’ this to me emphasises that she is the dominant character at this specific part of the scene. The word ‘leave’ is a command that you would usually use after a word, in this occasion Lady Macbeth has used this at the start of the sentence which to me sounds more appealing for the reader too. Furthermore, she implicates to ‘the rest’ as referring to the King, the daggers and the stewards. This to me shows that she is telling Macbeth that she can take control of situations like these. The relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth does not always go in Lady Macbeth’s favour. In this case she is more of a ‘victim’. This can be seen at the end of the story when she is guilty of all the murders which that she has contributed to, this then leads her going ‘mad’. â€Å"The thane of Fife he had a wife, where is she now?† by examining this text, we can see that now Lady Macbeth is in a ‘half away/half dreaming’ state to hold herself for all the deeds that Macbeth has committed, this to me explains why she is asking such questions. ‘The thane of Fife he had a wife’, here by Lady Macbeth using the past tense ‘had’ it shows to me that a level of confusion has taken place. This is then emphasised when she adds on the question at the end of the sentence. Therefore, in the reader’s point of view, it shows us that she is behaving in a ‘mad’ sort of manor, which isn’t rea lly seen before. We can say that Lady Macbeth is the catalyst of the murder. Furthermore, she can be known as the protector and the protected. Macbeth is one character who tries best to protect Lady Macbeth. When Banquo was murdered, Macbeth kept Lady Macbeth in complete darkness. â€Å"Be innocent of the deed, dear chuck†, this quote suggests that Macbeth is trying to protect her and is shown as the ‘protected’. By the use of the words ‘be innocent’ it suggests to me that Lady Macbeth is forcing Macbeth to ‘be innocent’, this is because the command is used at the start of the sentence which usually indicates that the person is in control. The whole quote â€Å"Be innocent of the deed, dear chuck† infers that she wants him to forget about the murder, showing that she’s a protector. Lady Macbeth can also be seen as a protector when she responds to Macbeth’s actions. â€Å"Leave all the rest to me†. In this quote we can clearly see Lady Macbeth as the dominant character in their relationship and also as the protector towards her own husband. By looking at the text used and concentrating on the word â€Å"me†, we can see that Lady Macbeth could be using the word as in referring herself to the ‘manipulator’,’ protector’ or even the victim. Also by use of the words â€Å"the rest†, this could give the reader a thought that it can be referred to or mean the king, or his guards, the daggers or can simply mean different abstracts such as shame, guilt, and consequence. This to me shows a perfect demonstration on how Lady Macbeth is being a protector and manipulator towards Macbeth to get her own way. Lady Macbeth is not always seen as the catalyst. In this case it is shown when she takes the role of being a ‘victim’. â€Å"Unsex me here†. In this quote it shows that Lady Macbeth is asking for her feminine side to be taken away. This to me shows that she is making a change from the typical female stereo type (e.g. kind, vulnerable) to a more masculine character (e.g. leader, ‘macho man’). This change could have made her more manipulative towards Macbeth and in a leading role, but in the state she is in now she is seen more as the victim. Lady Macbeth can also be seen as ‘victim’ in the quote â€Å"sweeten this little hand†. Here we can see that what Shakespeare is trying to say that, because of how Lady Macbeth’s contribution to the regicide, she is trying to forgive herself for what she has done wrong. By the use of the words ‘sweeten’ and ‘little’, it clearly shows that she’s vulnerable and delicate. By the use of words like these it also infers Lady Macbeth’s sorrow and the role of her being a victim. Overall we can see that Lady Macbeth is the dominant character that contributes to Macbeth’s villainy in many ways. Killing a king in the was the worst crime you could possibly do in Shakespeare’s time.

Organizational Performance Management Essay

Healthcare organizations have differences and similarities across the board. Some healthcare institutions are faith based and will not allow for some procedures. Others provide small procedures and vaccinations. Some healthcare facilities are for profit and others are non-profit. While other health care providers only take certain types of insurances, either government funded or privately funded insurances. The Mayo Clinic is large not for profit operating healthcare provider and healthcare research entity. They provide a vast array of services in the United States from diabetes to cancer treatment and research. The Mayo Clinic has a worldwide reputation and standard that continues to receive accolade and awards. The Mayo clinic has received the Joint Commission’s Gold Seal of Approval. This award is given to organizations that demonstrate the highest dedication to improving and providing patients with best quality of care. The Mayo Clinic takes pride in being able to provide the highest level of care and to also maintain it. The Mayo Clinic has established a department to manage any infraction that may hinder its goal of achieving this standard it has set forth (Mayo Clinic For Patients, 2013). The Mayo clinic has to maintain a standard that is consistent with the reputation that they have established for themselves through risk and quality management. The Mayo Clinic has a compliance and integrity program established to reinforce safety. This program is put into place to monitor the overall business practices and to ensure they are being conducted with integrity. The program puts all policies and procedures under one chain of command so that they can be monitored and used as a means of communication for employees. The compliance office oversees the directing and receiving of reports, questions, and concerns about the care provided. The Compliance Office works with all department heads and stakeholders to ensure regulations and requirements are met (Integrity and Compliance Program, 2011). They also establish furthering education so that employees are up to date on current rules and regulations. The compliance office is open to receive any and all violations reports. The violations are investigated thoroughly. This program ensures that the company is able to provide statements in relation to its business practices, current and forthcoming law changes, and to protect itself and staff from any civil or legal issues. The integrity and compliance program applies to all individuals who work in any capacity at the mayo clinic from main stakeholder to students and volunteers. Workers are expected to report any violations that are suspected or otherwise known (Integrity and Compliance Program, 2011). The compliance program offers an open door policy and protects its employees from retaliation. The purpose for this office is to identify violations that are against company policy and the company and its employees to be civilly liable, and criminally liable. Each Mayo facility has a compliance officer on staff to ensure its compliance an d integrity program is being fulfilled. Compliance officers are responsible for investigating suspected violations. Each employee is required to take a compliance-training course to ensure that they know what is expected of them when they witness, suspect, or commit a violation. The compliance program further educates new employees on the standard in which Mayo conducts business. The current state of providing healthcare is ever changing and the Mayo Clinic has to stay one step ahead and ensure that their employees are properly educated in all aspects of healthcare laws (Integrity and Compliance Program, 2011). Abrazo recognized as 2011 as Best in Arizona by U.S. News and World Report, One of the Best in Phoenix, ranked #12 for the Arrowhead Hospital are a few of its great recognition as an great health care organization. The Joint Commission name Maryvale Hospital for heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia and surgical care as â€Å"top Performer†. The American Heart Association and American Stroke Association awarded The Sliver Plus Achievement Award for 2012 and 2011 to Phoenix Baptist Hospital and the Arizona Quality Alliance awarded Arrowhead Hospital in 2012 for Excellence. Abrazo Health Hospital has done and continues to contribute the best qua lity care in the valley for its community. Maintaining a fact sheet that include Medical Group, Health Institute, School-Based Health Centers, an Emergency Center in North Peoria, and providing health plans for those who need help in these areas. Abrazo has also contributed to many charitable organizations in the Valley. Like the American Heart Association, Susan G. Komen, YMCA, Leadership Council, and many high schools. They continue to provide information to the community and continue huge amount of support to the American Heart Association, Community Education and Outreach, Fire Service Leadership Conference, Keogh Foundation, School-Based Health Centers, Susan G. Komen, Race for Cure, The Legacy Backpack Buddies, and the Valley of the Sun United Way. Abrazo Health is part of the Nashville-based Vanguard Health System who embraces non-profit health care systems and serves as a bridge for these non-profit organizations to connect, serve as a business partner to for-profit corporation. The Vanguard Health System and Abrazo Health continue to provide top quality care in affiliation with board certified physicians, nursing professionals and well-trained staff, all who were recognized by national organization that share the same values in patient care. Showing Distinguished Awards from American Heart Association, Arizona Quality Alliance, The Joint commission, and named â€Å"Best in Phoenix† by U.S. New and World Report, Abrazo leads in the healthcare industry with a fantastic reputation. Another organization’s risk and quality management that finds themselves in a unique situation between providing the best resources possible to the community and regulation is the Southwest Autism Research & Resource Center. The Southwest Autism Research & Resource Center, also known as SARRC, is a non-profit, community-based organization that conducts research and distributes information, as well as supports individuals with autism and their families. In 2009, SARRC conducted 250 training and orientations, as well as offered information and services to students and staff in 90 Arizona schools. All of the services they offer are of highest quality and evidence based (â€Å"Sarrc†, n.d.). Autism touches on a broad spectrum of conditions and behaviors. In order to provide support for this spectrum, SARRC performs and receives research from many doctors as well as developmental psychologists. Performance is monitored by how the varying levels of success the therapies have on developmental delays such as feeding, speech, and social skills. Autism touches on a broad spectrum of conditions and behaviors. In order to provide support for this spectrum, SARRC performs and receives research from many doctor s as well as developmental psychologists. Performance ismonitored by how the varying levels of success those therapies have on developmental delays such as feeding, speech, and social skills. For SARRC, the main regulatory body that effects accreditation on research and treatment is the Arizona Board of Psychologist Examiners. By following the guidelines set by the Arizona Board of Psychologist examiners, SARRC will be in compliance and be able to perform at expectations above the high standards set by the board. They also have to make sure that they are following regulations set forth by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Some of these regulations include the use of electronic records, protection of human subjects, informed consent, and specific safeguards for children. By continuing partnerships with doctors and researchers and following the guidelines set by the regulatory board, SARRC can focus on becoming the center of choice for those seeking assistance Autism spectrum disorders. This will help improve overall organizational performance. The most important part of an organization is to make sure everyone at all levels is working toward a unified goal. Some levels of the organization may have other compartmentalized goals, but overall the message should be clear. Leadership should set the expectations of all incoming employees, but all employees should have a way of giving feedback to leadership on how they feel the organization is progressing to its goal. Staff needs to know that without compliance and accreditation guidelines the organization cannot survive, much less thrive on the assistance it provides to the community. The goal is to have a majority of the staff believe in the direction of the organization and for the organization to listen to its employees. Compliance and regulation set the tone for risk and quality management systems in an organization. Certain aspects may help or hinder performance depending on the particular regulations set by the state. With the guidelines in place, quality management can gauge whether exceeding these standards would help the organization. Besides the level of service provided in quality management, risk management dictate that these actions are responsible from a fiduciary standpoint. Nonprofit organizations aren’t in it to make the big bucks per se, but they still are a business that needs to run and pay employees, facilities, and other services provided. Abrazo Health offers a broad range of medical services, internal medicine, general surgery, cardiology, orthopedics, mother and infant care, diagnostic imaging, and emergency service. Mayo clinic offers cardiology, diabetes, and neurology surgery. SARCC focuses primarily on autism research. Abrazo departments are strictly viewed by the board members to ensure safe and quality care is being provided. Abrazo has over 5,000 employees, 600 volunteers and 2,000 affiliated physicians, and are located all over the Phoenix Valley. The Mayo Clinic is somewhat nationwide with its main facilities in Minnesota, Florida, and Arizona. The Mayo Clinic staffs and employs around 61,000 employees. The mayo clinic also has a research department and an accredited medical school established to train medical professionals and student medical doctors (Mayo Clinic facts – 2012, 2013). Abrazo Health Hospital has five acute who are all accredited by The Joint Commission (TJC) who have accredited hospit al for more than 50 years. Arrowhead Hospital, Maryvale Hospital, Phoenix Baptist Hospital and West Valley Hospital are recognized as a certified Primary Stroke Center and are a part of the Abrazo Health Hospital. All three of these organizations are not for profit. Each facility has its own purpose and mission statement. Not all healthcare facilities are the same as they provide care in their own way established from their own standards and levels of care. Each has a common goal in providing the highest level of care in any treatment they provide. Each has the tough task of always having to update their quality and risk management goals to meet the demands of the public and reimbursement agencies along with maintaining their accreditations. Quality and risk management have to be proactive and stopping incidents before they start. Incidents cost organizations financially and in the long run take away from the level of care that they are trying to provide. References Abrazo Health. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.abrazohealth.com/home.aspx Integrity and Compliance Program. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/mcitems/mc2500-mc2599/mc2570.pdf Mayo Clinic Facts — 2012. (2001-2013). Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/about/facts.html Mayo Clinic For Patients. (2013). Retrieved from http://health.usnews.com/besthospitals/area/mn/mayo-clinic-661MAYO/for-patients SARRC. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://autismcenter.org/about_sarrc.aspx ————————————————- University of Phoenix Material Organizational Performance Management Table After you have completed your individual research on your chosen type of health care organization, collaborate with your Learning Team to complete this table. Then, refer to this table as you collaborate to write your paper. Include this table as an appendix to your paper. Fill in the necessary information in each cell, but be as succinct as possible. 1. Provide names of or links to specific organizations. Summarize key products or services provided by each type of organization and identify the primary customers they serve. Organization One| Organization Two| Organization Three| MAYO Clinichttp://www.mayoclinic.com/The Mayo Clinic is a non-for-profit worldwide organization that is dedicated to medical care and research. They employee Doctors from all practices and utilize their expertise to work together for the better of the patients. The Mayo Clinic also has school for furthering education for medical professionals. They treat over a million people a year. Their mission is to provide care and let people care for themselves. They provide up to date information and methods for their patients and website | Abrazo HealthCarehttp://www.abrazohealth.com/home.aspx Abrazo Health offers a broad range of medial services, internal medicine, general surgery, cardiology, orthopedics, mother and infant care, diagnostic imaging, and emergency service. Providing new standard care and over 5,000 employees, 600 volunteers and 2,000 affiliated physicians. They are located all over the Phoenix Valley. | Southwest Autism Research & Resource Center (SARRC)http://autismcenter.org/default.aspxSARRC is a non-profit, community-based organizations that conducts research and distributes information, as well as support for individuals with autism and their families. In 2009, SARRC conducted 250 trainings and presentations, as well as offered information and services to students and staff in 90 Arizona schools. All of the services they offer are of highest-quality and evidence-based. | 2. Outline the overall content of the major regulations, accreditation requirements, and other standards that affect each organization. Provide the title, section, parts, or subparts or the numbering system and so on of the specific regulations or accreditation requirements. For example: Use of electronic signatures in electronic medical records is equivalent to handwritten signatures on paper; FDA regulation; Title 21 CFR Part 11, Subpart C,  § 11.200 Electronic Signature: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?cfrpart=11 Organization One| Organization Two| Organization Three| Mayo Clinic and its website are accredited through the Joint Commission. The Joint Commission overseas hospitals that receive Medicaid reimbursements. The Joint Commission has also accredited the Mayo Clinic in its Advanced Stroke Center. Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF) has accredited Mayo Clinic for their inpatient rehabilitation programs.CEO Cancer Gold Standard Accreditation.Breast Clinic has received the National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers (NAPBC), a program administered by the American College of Surgeons.-Educational Accreditations Mayo Clinic’s College of Medicine, is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) which provides continuing medical education for physicians. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine designates these educational activities for category 1 credits toward the American Medical Association (AMA) Physician’s Recognition Award.College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, has achieved Accreditation with Commendation – which is the highest level of recognition offered by ACCME.| Abrazo Health Hospital and the five acute are all accredited by The Joint Commission (TJC). The Joint Commision have been accredited hospital for more than 50 years. Arrowhead Hospital, Maryvale Hospital, Phoenix Baptist Hospital and West Valley Hospital are recognized as a cerified Pimary Stroke Center and are apart of the Abrazo Health Hospital. Also recognized as 2011 Best in Arizona. U.S. News and World Report, One of the Best in Phoenix, ranked #12- Arrowhead Hospital.TJC top Performer- Marvale Hospital for heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia and surgical care. American Heart Association and American Stroke Association- The Sliver Plus Achievement Award for 2012 and 2011 to Phoenix Baptist Hospita l.Arizona Quality Alliance- Award for Excellence to Arrowhead Hospital in 2012. Abrazo Health Hospital have done and continue to contribute the best quality care in the valley for years. | Use of electronic records and electronic cignatures Title 21 CFR Part 11 http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=11 Protection of Human Subjects Title 21 CFR Part 50 http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=50 Informed ConsentTitle 21 CFR Part 50.25 http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=50.25 Safeguards for ChildrenTitle 21 CFR Part 50.55 http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=50.55 | 3. Highlight the effect of each organization’s regulations, accreditation requirements, and other standards on the risk- and quality-management functions and activities. Organization One| Organization Two| Organization Three| Mayo Clinic has a standard of practice, therefore they need the highest of accreditations. They have to maintain their level year round to not only their patients but also their employees. Risk management has to assess any and all possible issues that could cost the company money and loss of productivity due to fines, and employment turn over. Quality management has to ensure that all employees are up to date on education and changes in regulations and procedures. The accreditations aloow the Mayo Clinic to conduct certain researches and also certain procedures such as brain and cardio surgical procedures. Without the accreditation they would not be able to perform said procedure and therefore lose money. | Abrazo Health has 5 acute hospitals in the state of Arizona. Arrowhead, Maryvale, Paradise Valley, Phoenix, and in West Phoenix. Each providing a broad range of medial needs and working with the Arizona Heart Hospital and leading a great reputation in the cardiovascular department. Abrazo has been rewards on numerous occasions which has lead the organization to continue to provide great quality care all over the metropolitan area of Phoenix Arizona. Abrazo Health maintain a fact sheet which include Medical Group, Health Instutute, School-Based Health Centers, an Emerg ency Center in North Peoria, and providing health plans. Abrazo has also contributed to many charitable organizations in the Valley. Like the American Heart Association, Susan G. Komwn, YMCA, Leadershio Council, and many high schools., they continue to provide information to the community and continue huge amount of support to the American Heart Assoication, Community Education and Outreach, Fire Service Leadership Conference, Keogh Foundation, School-Based Health Centers, Susan G. Komen, Race for Cure, The Legacy Backpack Buddies, and the Valley of the Sun United Way.| Since SARRC is a non profit research organization located in Arizona, not only do they have to comply with non-profit laws but also the regulation of the Arizona Board of Psychologist Examiners. This board of examiners regulates how employees of SARRC are licensed to perform work with children and the education they need to keep licenses up to date. From a risk standpoint the board ensures that SARRC employees are li censed to give psychological treatment to children and to use safe methods. This also helps SARRC maintain high quality as the research techniques used exceed the Board of examiners qualifications as per SARRC programs (http://autismcenter.org/programs.aspx)| 4. Specify components of performance-management systems—policies and procedures, self-audits, benchmarking, complaint management, corrective or preventive action, education and training, communication, and other mechanisms—to be used by each organization. Organization One| Organization Two| Organization Three| Mayo Clinic has a compliance department and employs compliance officers that ensure policies and procedures are being followed accordingly. Compliance officers investigate all forms of complaints and work with department directors and managers to manage investigations and look for ways to stop these issues before they start. Education is developed through past incident along with present and future policy and law changes.| Abrazo part of the Nashville-based Vanguard Health System who Abrzo providing top quality care in affiliated with board certified physicians, nursing professionals and well-trained staff who have been recognized by national organization who share the same value in patient care. Showing Distinguished Awards from American Heart Association, Arizona Quality Alliance, The Joint commission, and named â€Å"Best in Phoenix† by U.S. New and World Report, Abrzon leads in the healthcare industry with a fantastic reputation. | SARRC research led by Christopher Smith, Ph. D an experimental psychologist, uses collaboration between different methods and scientists to find the possible causes of autism. Since autism is such a broad spectrum and there is no pinpointed contributing factor, most of the research and progress in the field is experimental. Most patients go in with the understanding that Autism may not be something that is curable. Performance is measured by the proven research methods which are demonstrated to work the most effectively for the child which varies per child for the broad spectrum disorder.| 5. Provide links to any relevant sources that will be useful as your Learning Team completes the paper. Organization One| Organization Two| Organization Three| http://www.mayoclinic.org/mcitems/mc2500-mc2599/mc2570.pdfhttp://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/mn/mayo-clinic-661MAYO/for-patientshttp://www.mayoclinic.org/about/facts.html| | |

Financial Report on Crimson PLC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Report on Crimson PLC - Essay Example The cash flow statement is omitted from the financial statements due to the lack of classification data. The Income Statement does not present comparative information because of the lack of prior period data. Crimson Plc did not prepare a balance sheet or accumulate its accounting records in a general ledger due to the turbulence of the period. The opening balances for the 22 Balance Sheet accounts were compiled from a pro forma Balance Sheet drawn up as of the last day of the financial year 31 December 2005. It is possible that amendments to the Balance Sheet may be called for if and when new information emerges. The 22 financial transactions presented in the Balance Sheet and Income Statement were processed using double entry accounting but without a general ledger system. The following accounting principles have been applied consistently during the period with respect to items that are considered material in relation to Crimson’s financial statements. The financial statements have been prepared under the going concern concept. The going concern concept has been defined as follows: "the enterprise will continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. This means in particular that the income statement and balance sheet assume no intention or necessity to liquidate or curtail significantly the scale of the operation." The financial statements are presented on a fair value basis for financial assets and liabilities falling within the scope of IAS 39, except those for which a reliable measure of fair value is not available. For those assets not falling within the scope of IAS 39, the principal of historical cost is adopted on initial recognition. Adopting IAS 18 clause revenues are recognised when earned and expenses when incurred. Expenses are recognized in the Income statement on the basis of a direct association between the costs incurred and the earnings of specific items of income(matching).However, here the application of the matching concept does not allow

The Debate on what caused Rome to fall the most Essay

The Debate on what caused Rome to fall the most - Essay Example Could it have been too big of an empire to handle? Were the people in charge just not fit to govern it properly? It transpires that there are many different reasons that can be attributed for the fall of the Roman Empire. One major contributory factor to the fall of Roman Empire is the decline of morals and values in the country. It has been documented that there was nearly 32,000 prostitutes in Rome, both men and women. During the reigns of rulers such as Pax Romana, Caligula and Nero the reigning royalty held infamous parties, wasting huge sums of money, where guests drank and ate to their fill and prostitutes were hired for orgies for the upper class à ©lite. Among the lower class, the most popular amusement was watching the gladiatorial combats in the Colosseum. This encouraged gambling, fighting, and acts of murder. On the other hand, many people claimed that such practices were a part of the Roman culture, but they made the common men lazy.   Ã‚      Although there were many aqueducts and other attempts at sanitation, the public health and environmental problems were severe. The wealthy elite had their water brought to their homes through lead pipes. The aqueducts had a system o purify the water near the source but at the end, the lead pipes were problematic. This caused the death of many wealthy citizens and on the flip side the lack of potable water brought the doom on the peasantry. The mass gathering of people at the Colosseum and the waste they caused, as well as the blood and corpses had entailed the generation of disease that spread across the nation. Those who lived on the streets remained exposed to the diseases, which speeded up the process of spreading. To make things worse, the use of alcohol increased, thus eroding the public health system in Rome.   Ã‚      During the latter years of the empire, most of the farming was done on large estates called latifundia that were owned by rich men who used slaves. The farmers who had to

How is meaning cunstructed in images Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

How is meaning cunstructed in images - Essay Example and stabilizing the interpretations of specific images, about 35 years ago, Roland Barthes wrote about it and said that all images imply, underlay their floating chain of signifiers and the reader is able to select some of them and ignore the remaining that is they are polysemous. Dysfunction raises a question of polysemy. To fix the floating chain of signified different techniques are applied so that fear of uncertain signs can be encountered and minimized, these techniques mainly involve linguistic or verbal messages (Marchese, 1995). Institutional apparatus that chooses and provides text and images to the common public includes captions, labels, placards, guidebooks, brochures and fliers and they all come in linguistic messages. Curators, teachers and editors use these tools. Institutions and practices that strengthen the use of images as well as their interpretations also use the same tools as their major part. It means that image in a textbook seems to illustrate and support the meanings of the information written in the text of that textbook. When we see an image in an advertisement, the first thing which comes in our mind is that it is there to be helpful in selling the product by looking at someone enjoying possession and consumption of that particular product. Therefore we have some special standards of text and images and their correlation of explanation by text and illustration by images (Marchese, 1995). For the same reason, discussions are based on the images in textbooks and advertising, by the observers of the semiotics of images. To advertise any image is problem creating and elusive, Barthes says in "Rhetoric of the image†. Stable platform of advertisements and textbooks were used by Gà ¼nter Kress and Theo van Leeway to build their visual semiotics and it is a complete and valid way to proceed except some standard cases which put down the signifying potential will be ignored. Conceptualist artists have worked a lot to turn the standard canons

Why Change Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why Change - Article Example uct adaptation refers to process through which a manufacturer makes changes to improve an existing product and make it more appealing to a target market usually in new markets (Byrne, 2010). Products are a result of the underlying socio-cultural phenomenon of a given society. Society’s perception of what the product is and what bundles of benefits it provides according to prevailing socio-cultural needs is the fundamental basis for product differentiation (adaptation). The adjustments in a product’s main components are made in accordance to the particular target market needs and consumption behavior. Research on consuming trends and preferences as well as product class in the market can provide useful insights on how to modify all or some main components of an existing product (Cooper & Edgett, 2009). America’s fast food franchise McDonald’s entry into the Indian market in 1996 is a classic case of how product adaptability can be used to enter international markets that are culturally different. Other fast food chains had largely ignored the Indian market before 1990 and those that did ignored the cultural differences eventually leading to their collapse and withdrawal from the market. There is a highly fragmented food market in India characterized by millions of roadside stalls and carts. This represents a large ‘eating out’ culture. However, the market is also significantly influenced by high pressure groups mainly comprising health and animal welfare activists. McDonald’s strategy included the exclusion of pork and beef items from its menu considering that 40% of Indians are vegetarians. An alternative vegetable, fish and chicken menu was adopted. The menus therefore were color-coded into green for vegetarians and purple for non-vegetarians. The Maharaja Mac replaced the famous ‘big mac’; chicken patty replaced beef and introduction of spicy menus with less garlic in its sauce. This strategy reflected a much higher degree of adaptability

Strategic Assets Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic Assets - Case Study Example According to Rupert Murdoch News Corporation are blessed with many things: dedicated employees; a consistent vision; compelling products and services; loyal customers throughout the world; and boundless opportunity as the global thirst for entertainment and news explodes. It is true there are all kinds f opportunities for News Corporation. However in the unstable world environment we probably will experience economic downturn for a period f time. I would say that there are risk and threats in every aspect. The news media is very sensitive to most countries in the world. It is even worse in this moment when America is attacking Afghanistan. The economy is suffering a downturn as a whole. Technology is growing very fast. The cross-border globalization f communication still remains a difficult issue for news companies. Local government plays n very important role in the industry. Country like China they control news media tightly and there are heaps f regulations and restriction in the country. Never before has this industry seen such turmoil both in terms f changes in technology and challenges posed us and our competitors by regulatory authorities around the world. Global competition is becoming more and more intense. There are high development costs for news companies. The industry is in a mature stage f PLC. News companies are fighting hard to maintain market share. It is time to emphasis efficiency and low cost. As for the five forces, it is difficult for new entrants to come. However the buyers have stronger bargaining power as they have more choice and better knowledge about the industry. There are no specific substitutes for News Coporation as they cover almost all aspects f news media. The competitive rivalry is very strong in the news industry. The News Corporation has a vast range f products like * filmed entertainment; * television; * cable network programming; * magazines and inserts; * newspapers; and * book publishing. The principal activities f associated entities include: * satellite, television and cable broadcasting; * newspaper publishing; and * print and electronic television guidance applications. It covers all over the world and products serves every segment f market. It is said to be the most integrated news company at the moment. The Resource. News Corporation had total assets as f June 30, 2001 f approximately US$43 billion and total annual revenues f approximately US$14 billion. News Corporation's diversified global operations in the United States, Canada, continental Europe, the United Kingdom, Australia, Latin America and the Pacific Basin include the production f motion pictures and television programming; television, satellite and cable broadcasting; the publication f newspapers, magazines and books; the production and distribution f promotional and advertising products and services; the development f digital broadcasting; the development f conditional access and subscriber management systems, and

Word meditation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Word meditation - Assignment Example Clearly not. In this sense then, awake means me are alert and paying attention to something. One might argue then that being awake does not depend on the person who is awake, but depends on the person or thing originally said person must pay attention to. Generally, we’re all awake for the Rolling Stones, or the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, but we’re not always so awake for that 6am mathematics lecture, or grandma’s stories about how great it was to live in Ireland. Awake can be a verb – one can awake; and it can be an adjective – he is awake. However, these descriptions don’t always mean the person is awake from sleep. One can awake from past memories, or awaken from a dream. Here’s a quandary – can we be awake in a dream? I know I’ve had dreams where I’ve definitely been more attentive than during math class, dreams about flying or swimming a mile below the Atlantic Ocean, am I then more awake during these dreams than when I zoning out during math lectures? In this regard being awake is a much more complicated process than people originally realize. One not only has to be awake – meaning they are conscious – but they have to be conscious of being conscious in a way. They have to be so entirely conscious that there is no way they could possibly be unconscious. But then one must ask, is it possible to be too awake? Can one be so awake that they are no longer awake and just, well, Ià ¢â‚¬â„¢m not sure what they would be then, but definitely not

How is national identity constructed in everyday life Essay

How is national identity constructed in everyday life - Essay Example First of all it is necessary for us to make clear the definition of our subject and its obvious connection with day-to-day life of an individual. In other words it is significant for our study to systematize our definition of a national identity and parts from which it consists. National identity consists of and develops with a help of almost everything that surrounds person during his or her daily activities. Of course we are going to talk about this in general and exclusions like in cases of immigration or living in exile are not among the topics of our research. Every day person deals with problems and issues that guarantee this person’s further existence. All people except maybe some monks in mountains identify themselves with and depend on the country in which they live. These national borders do not always remain final and non-arguable but in most cases for now countries all around the world stay in more or less stable condition. This allows us to talk about formed national identity except maybe for those people who live in regions like Middle East or post-Soviet Union regions where nationality is not formed at all or not formed well. Everyday life consists of our co-existing with all kinds of political, social, cultural, religious and other ideological and traditional ideas and concepts. I suggest to pay each of them attention which they deserve as parts of a basis of our question. Geographical position and ethnic roots predispose the origin of nations. After people became a group the psychological and ideological formation of an identity has been developing and evolving. So the location acts as a starting point for the further establishment of a national character and this evolution of a savage into a civilized citizen is influenced by different factors (Henslin, 2011). Politics and political consciousness of an individual are one of the most important details in the

Amenorrhea in Adolescent Girls Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Amenorrhea in Adolescent Girls - Assignment Example Once their menstruation starts, many go for the contraceptives to prevent teenage pregnancies. Even though some use the condoms and pills, there are those that go for long term contraceptives such as intrauterine devices or implants which affect the menstrual flow. The implants for example have hormones that interfere with the body hormones causing the menstrual flow to cease or complete become absent (Hayon, et al. 2013). Adolescents in a bid to find their niche have body image issues and majority are even diagnosed with anorexia nervosa for lack of eating enough as well as vomiting after eating to remain skinny. With increased lack of food in the body, the menstrual flow starts thinning and may go to the extent of completely stopping (Faust, et al. 2013). The intense exercises some of these adolescents engage in as extracurricular activities in school interfere with the body weight leading to the menses ceasing. This is so because there is suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (Gordon, 2010). The stress of the exercises also contributes to the lack of menstrual flow. Identification of the cause of amenorrhea in this adolescent group is easier than trying to discuss it with the patient and getting them to undergo therapy to correct the problem. The first thing in this process is to create a rapport with the adolescent by making them see you understand their problem and what they are going through (Gordon, 2010). This can be obtained even through provision of acceptable personal stories from adolescent years. This will create a level of trust and open up the female for discussion about correcting the problem. The other key to discuss with the patient is to get a young female doctor whom they are likely to adore and listen to and whom they admire. The sessions should be discussion letting the adolescent engage as well and making the solutions seem to come from them rather than the

Organizational Structure Essay Example for Free

Organizational Structure Essay In this paper, I will analyze the elements of a job analysis and discuss its significance to the hiring and employee development aspects of human resource management. I will describe the importance of a PAQ, proposing two ways the results can be used to redesign a customer service job for efficiency. I will develop two strategies that HR professionals can in the selection for a customer service position using a Fleishman Job Analysis System. I will examine the challenges for designing this job for efficiency and suggest two ways to redesign it. Finally, I will propose three ways a HR manager can use the information from a job analysis to measure the performance of customer service representatives. One of the most important aspects of human resources is recruiting. In order to recruit the best applicants, job recruiters have to be knowledgeable in all aspects of the position. The best source of information about a position comes from a job analysis. A job analysis is the process of getting detailed information about jobs. A job analysis helps recruiters to match job requirements with the best applicants. It is also essential in employee development, performance appraisals and compensation. A job analysis includes many steps but only three elements. Those elements are the sources of job information, the job specification and the job description. The first element of the job analysis is the source of information used. In doing the analysis, human resource professionals gather information about jobs through interviewing employees, observing performance of certain tasks, asking employees to fill out questionnaires and worksheets, and collecting information about a job from secondary sources. Other sources within the company include existing job descriptions and supervisors. Some of those  secondary sources include existing job analysis information from a competitor and O*NET. Next, the job specification includes the tasks that make up the job, the conditions under which the job is performed and what the job requires in terms of aptitude, knowledge, skills and abilities (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2014). This will provide a lot of data. It measures the amount of time the employee spends on major duties. It provides a description of the major duties in order of importance. It determines whether any licensures, certificates or security clearances are needed to perform the job, as well as the physical, environmental and mental demands of a position. This information is essential in creating a job description. The last element is the job description. â€Å"A job description is a list the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that a job entails (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2014).† A well-written job description can sell jobs to perspective employees and develop training programs as a job position evolves. Sometimes the needs of business changes and therefore some duties may change within a position. â€Å"For the employer, the job description is often used as a recruiting tool and by supervisors to outline position expectations. The job description may be used to indicate salary or reporting structure and as a reference during performance evaluations (Richards, 2014).† Once all the information has been assembled for a job analysis, it can be further analyzed by using a position analysis questionnaire (PAQ). â€Å"A PAQ is a standardized job analysis questionnaire containing 194 questions about work behaviors, work conditions, and job characteristics that apply to a wide variety of jobs (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2014).† The purpose of the questionnaire is to measure the job characteristics and its relation to the human characteristics. The PAQ can be used for a few different things. Common uses include developing a compensation model, selection criteria for a specific job and to study the nature of work (PAQ.com, 2014). A PAQ can be used to redesign a customer service job to be more efficient and improve quality. â€Å"Using the PAQ provides an organization with information that helps in comparing jobs, even when they are dissimilar (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2014).† In making those comparisons, analyzers might find ways to be more efficient. The collected data from this approach helps in developing or revising a job description. In the customer service business the needs of each customer can vary. Therefore, responsibilities of a customer service representative can vary to meet those needs. Those things might not be listed in the job description but will need to be added in order to keep the job description updated. Furthermore, information learned from the PAQ helps in evaluating the position for appropriate classification. A good source to use for worker requirements is the Fleishman Job Analysis system. The Fleishman Job Analysis system (F-JAS) is a job analysis technique that asks subject-matter experts to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform the job (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2014).† Because the results of a F-JAS, provides a picture of the ability requirements of a job, than recruiters know what abilities to scan for when reviewing resumes. Typing skills might be a skill that is important in a customer service position. The F-JAS can give us an idea of just how important typing is to a job so that we would be able to make reasonable accommodations for an applicant with disabilities. Human resource professionals can also use F-JAS to update job descriptions. As processes change the need for some abilities change as things may become automated, therefore job responsibilities change. â€Å"Kannisto adds, â€Å"With the compliance environment and legal implicati ons, the stakes are a lot higher for job descriptions to be crystal clear with essential responsibilities. If you have a measure of performance that doesn’t appear on the job description and you have a case brought against you, depending on the agency [involved], there could be punishment,† he explains (Tyler, 2013).† When considering the job of a customer service representative (CSR) who handles consumer inquiries for a company that sells items online and by catalog, a few challenges of designing this job for efficiency, come to  mind. The first challenge that comes to mind is monotony. Over time, employees will be bored of doing the same job over and over. Even more so if the job is divided into departments, such as sales, returns and customer service, employees will lose interest. A suggestion for redesigning the customer service representative position is job enlargement. Employees might find the job more engaging if all the calls came through on department. We could cross-train employees to be able to handle all the calls that come through the queue. Another suggestion is job rotation. Maybe every week, we could rotate the tasks. We could also make some customer services responses automated for customers. So if a customer wanted to check status on an order, we could generate a system automa ted response so that those calls don’t come into the call center. Another challenge for designing a customer service representative job is defining authority. Sometimes, customer service requires problem solving and quick decisions. Waiting to speak to a manager can be frustrating for the customer and it makes the employee look incompetent, because it increases hold time. The employee probably feels impotent having to get permission to make a decision, especially when they know what to do. A suggestion for redesigning the CSR’s position is job enrichment. CSR’s need a certain amount of authority when it comes to resolving customer service issues. This is a way to raise productivity levels and employee satisfaction from a sense of personal achievement in taking ownership of problems and meeting the challenge of increased responsibility. A human resource manager (HRM) can use the information obtained from job analysis to measure the performance of a customer service representative. Job analysis is a set of procedures or methods for determining what workers actually do on the job and for describing which aspects of worker knowledge, skill, ability, and other characteristics are needed for job performance. This process defines a productive employee and gives human resource managers a place to start for measuring performance. One way HRM can use this information is in making personnel decisions. This tool can help determine whether an employee should receive a promotion, transfer, pay increase or be fired. It can also be used for employee development. A performance  appraisal will determine the strengths and weaknesses of employees. This is key to helping our CSR’s grow, because we can create training programs to increase their skills levels. Taking the time to strengthen their weaknesses will make them perform better, which is great for the company. Finally, the performance appraisal can be used as documentation to protect a company from lawsuits, because it is used as the basis for personnel decisions. In conclusion, the job analysis is the foundation of most human resource functions. With its use, job descriptions are created and updated which standardizes recruiting. It is a perfect outline for measuring performance of new and existing employees. Job analysis provides training and employee growth opportunities. Personnel decisions are also validated by job analysis, because it creates a system of checks and balances for hiring, performance appraisals, promotion and demotion and/or firing. Works Cited Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, (2014). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. (5th ed., p. 103). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, (2014). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. (5th ed., p. 107). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, (2014). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. (5th ed., p. 108). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. PAQ.com. (2014). The paq program. Retrieved from http://www.paq.com/?FuseAction=Main.PAQProgram Richards, F. (2014). Key parts to job descriptions. The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved from http://work.chron.com/key-parts-job-descriptions-12366.html Tyler, K. (2013, Jan. 01). Job worth doing: Update descriptions. Retrieved from http://www.shrm.org/publications/hrmagazine/editorialcontent/2013/0113/pages/0113-job-descriptions.aspx

The Importance Of Studying Money Finance Essay

The Importance Of Studying Money Finance Essay Money helps us in avoiding the double coincidence of needs as required by a barter economy and by enabling specialization. However, the money supply has a lot of effects on the well being of its users. Some of these effects can be summarized as inflation, wealth creation/destruction etc. Thus it is very important to study money. Banking and financial markets are intermediaries that help provide a common platform, or a market place, for all individuals to inter act with each other. Banking and financial markets provide liquidity to the system and helps 2 individuals with exactly opposite needs meet on a common platform. Without an apt knowledge of the banking and financial markets, it is impossible to understand how changes around us would affect our wealth and in which way can we best utilize our wealth and help it grow and accumulate. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using financial intermediaries. Financial intermediaries help us by bringing together those entities with surplus funds and willingness to lend, with those with a shortage of funds and willingness to borrow. The benefits of such intermediation include; maturity and risk transformation, lesser transaction costs due to higher liquidity, better bargaining power due to alternative options etc. The function of financial intermediaries is to provide these advantages and make a profit while raising the overall efficiency of the economy. The disadvantage of financial intermediation is that such intermediation may be expensive on occasions. As seen in the recent economic crisis, financial intermediaries may also falter on exploiting structural loopholes in greed of higher profits in the short term while posing a threat to the economic stability in the long term. The given computer entry tells us that the Northwestern Energy company has issued bonds on March 15, 2001, with a principal value of $100,000, expiring in 20 years on March 15, 2021 and carrying an interest rate of 6% payable semi-annually. In the event of interest rates rising for new bonds issued in to the market for the same quality, it would imply that the bonds issued by Northwestern will be relatively expensive and thus less attractive than the newer bonds. Therefore, the value of the Bonds issued by Northwestern will have to fall to an extent that the yield on the bond becomes equal to the yield of the newer bonds issued. In making this inference we are assuming that the yield and interest rates are same. Friedmanà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s belief that when Fed lowers interest rates, they fall but do not stay lower for very long, reiterates his belief that in a free economy, the market always sets up at an equilibrium. Even though, there may be interventions by monetary authorities desired to accomplish certain goals and objectives, such intervention only leads to a temporary imbalance in the demand and supply attributes and over a longer period of time, the market resets itself to equilibrium. In the graph above, we assume that Dd is the initial money demand curve and Ss is the initial money supply curve. Thus, at equilibrium i* is the market determined interest rate and Q* the money supply and demand. Now, if the central bank authorities bring this interest rate down to say ia, a new but short lived equilibrium is formed due to the shift of the supply curve from Ss to Ssa. At this equilibrium, the demand curve has not yet responded to the change in Fed rates. Now as per Friedman, due to a lower interest rate, the liquidity in the market increases, thereby pushing the income of individuals northward. With higher level of incomes, inflation sets in due to a shift in the demand curve from Dd to Dda and the price levels begin to rise to offset the increase in income. Since inflation is a component of interest rates, the interest rates also rise proportionately in order to reset the market at another equilibrium where, in the example above, i* is the equilibrium interest rate and Q*a is the equilibrium money supply and demand. A company that has never received a bond rating will have to contact the rating agency, say Fitch, first. Once the agency is contacted, a credit analyst collates and gathers information required to determine risk to investors who might own or buy the bond. The kinds of information that are to be dispersed are background and history of the company/entity, industry trends, management vision/mission, experience, track record, and attitude towards risk, organization structure etc. He then analyzes the information on hand and develops a conclusion in committee on the appropriate rating. The analyst may also seek explanations and clarifications in to business procedures and audit some financial statements. After the rating is finalized, the agency monitors the security on an ongoing basis. In 2009, the Fed and the treasury were facing the most difficult times they have had to face since the great depression. On 19th March 2009, Fed decided to expand its balance sheet by a US$1,000,000,000,000. The Fed announced that it would inject up to $750 billion in Agency MBS that year. This was over and above an earlier commitment of $500 billion. Fed also announced the buying in to Agency bonds for $200 billion. It further declared that it would purchase up to $300 billion of longer dated Treasuries over the term. So, what was the fear behind such drastic measures? Answer is deflation. Earlier that year in January, Fed took the historic step of cutting the benchmark interest rate to as low as zero. They also called for greater government spending to help revive the economy. Such drastic measures were the result of the failure of Fed efforts like record rate cuts, emergency lending programs and backstops for debt markets, to halt the crisis.

Application of Positivist Theory in Criminology

Application of Positivist Theory in Criminology Positivist Theory and its Implications on the James Holmes Case Over the years, various theoretical frameworks have been proposed to explain the nature and causation of crimes. This includes the collective positivist theory, particularly the biological and psychological trait theories as explanations on why individuals commit certain crimes. The positivist tradition in criminology suggests that psychological, biological, and even social forces determine a person’s criminal behavior, hence noting that the criminal act is beyond the control of the person. To examine this theory and its implications to crime, one may analyze the case of James Holmes, the suspect of mass shooting at the Century movie house in Aurora, Colorado, killing 12 people on July 20, 2012. Investigations revealed that the alleged perpetrator had history of mental consultations, which strongly affirmed issues with his mental well-being. Considering that Holmes exhibited substantial signs and symptoms indicative of mental illness, prompt diagnosis and treatment might have prevented the fatal Aurora shooting; true to the goals of a positivist psychology, it is also best to manage Holmes through a treatment in a mental health facility, rather than a criminal punishment. Before examining how a psychological diagnosis and treatment might have prevented Holmes’ criminal act, it would be imperative to briefly discuss a specific sub-theory of the positivist psychology: the trait theory. The trait theory is an umbrella term that encompasses a combination of various biological, psychological, and social factors that predispose an individual to develop and exhibit criminal behavior (van Gelder de Vries, 2012). These factors can be present at birth and may continually influence a person’s social functioning over his or her life course. Biologically, criminal behaviors may be attributed to factors such as genetics, hormones, metabolism, and neuro-physiological conditions. The trait theory also turns to the psychodynamics of a person to determine underlying mood disorders, personality traits, and cognitive patterns that result to criminal behavior. The theory likewise integrates social factors including social learning and environmental constrai nts as potential causes of criminal behavior or delinquency. As will be explained in the succeeding parts of this essay, Holmes had mental health issues that feature a combination of these factors. There are several indicators and clinical pathways that would have prevented Holmes from committing the mass shooting in Aurora, beginning with his prior psychological assessments. Reports note that the accused gunman had appointments with three mental health practitioners before the violent rampage. These experts include Dr. Lynne Fenton, the head psychiatrist of the mental health services of University of Colorado (Denver) (BBC, 2013). Dr. Fenton sent a report to the university’s threat assessment team regarding Holmes’ risk for homicidal behavior, but final diagnosis and follow-up evaluations were not carried out (Rosenberg, 2014). There were also other indicators of the gunman’s psychological disturbance, including a â€Å"bizarre guttural, freakish† personal voicemail message (BBC, 2013). While the results of Holmes’ post-arrest mental health assessment remain confidential, psychologists believe that the gunman might be suffering from schizoph renia and psychopathy (Solty, 2012). These conditions could explain Holmes’ impaired ideation or sense of reality as well as his propensity to commit violence. Nonetheless, issues about his mental well-being were not promptly diagnosed and treated. Psychotherapy would have â€Å"contained† and managed his hallucinations and impaired thought processes, hence the prevention of the fatal shooting. As noted earlier, the trait theory also includes biological factors that combine with psychological factors that, when promptly addressed, could have prevented Holmes from attacking and killing civilians. Similar to his psychological assessment, published evidences of a neurobiological trauma or head injury were absent. However, one may add the possibility of brain trauma or brain tumor as an underlying or aggravating factors for his mental health issue. The planning and execution of mass killing itself attest to the gunman’s lack of empathy and reasonable judgment. These traits are characteristic of damage in the orbitofrontal cortex part of the brain (Burke, 2014). In other words, brain imaging studies such as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scanning can help validate or rule out the aforementioned conditions. The quantification and measurement offered by these diagnostic tests are central to the positivist psychology. In any case, it would ha ve added to an effective clinical management to prevent Holmes from exhibiting violence. Moreover, the trait theory also provides an explanation for the social dimensions that might have influenced Holmes’ criminal behavior. One may begin by looking at the following analysis of Solty (2012): It is clear that Holmes seems to have felt himself to be in a hopeless situation. And as a man he didn’t have the increasingly popular option of female students in North America of becoming an entrepreneur of one’s own youthful†¦ [and] in his obvious desperation Holmes anticipated his suspension [from the University of Colorado]. He prepared and pursued his own de-matriculation. In his state, he must have realized that he would probably no longer be a top performer. (p.10) The above description highlights that there are constraining social factors that might have led to Holmes’ frustrations. Media reports note that Holmes never had a romantic relationship prior to the shooting incident; he was also rejected by the women whom he contacted at a casual dating website (BBC, 2013). A consistent achiever, Holmes might have been affected by a decline in his academic performance, which led to his plan to withdraw from the university. Thus, feelings of social rejection also add another angle to Holmes’ criminal behavior. Experts also found a link between Holmes’ fondness for video games, relative to the popular vigilante figure- Batman, and aggression. Simply put, the gunman’s violent tendencies might also be reinforced through social learning. Considerations for these social factors could have also solidified any psychiatric diagnosis and determine appropriate clinical interventions to address Holmes’ mental health issues. Convinced that Holmes’ criminal behavior was a result of biological and psychosocial factors beyond his control, it is reasonable to insist that the appropriate intervention would be confinement and treatment to a mental health facility. This view also conforms to the core tradition of criminological positivism in that it places emphasis on therapy or rehabilitation, rather than punishment exemplified by incarceration or death penalty. It must be re-emphasized that Holmes was and continues to have substantial psychological issues that impair his judgment and sense of reality. While in jail, he even committed suicide attempts (BBC, 2013). Without psychotherapy and other treatment modalities to manage his mental health condition, containing and incarcerating Holmes would only be futile. In particular, studies note that the rate of recidivism among mentally-ill inmates could be as high as 80% because they receive lack or insufficient psychiatric treatments inside the prison (Burk e, 2014). The ability of the trait theory to sufficiently explain the host of factors for Holmes’ criminal behavior only indicates that the final resolution to this case would be an intervention that follows a positivist approach. Overall, Holmes provides a case in point as to how various factors may work to develop a criminal mind among people who are susceptible to violence. This gunman shows that personality traits and the elements of these traits could eventually reach its maximum tolerance, depriving a person of any remaining rationality and sense of reality. Psychological and criminological positivism suggests that such criminal behavior could have been prevented or managed through prompt diagnosis and treatment. Now that damage was already done, the only way forward is to treat and rehabilitate the psychologically unstable gunman. References BBC. (2013, April 1). Profile: Aurora cinema shooting suspect James Holmes. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-18937513 Burke, R. H. (2014). An introduction to criminological theory (4th ed.). New York: Routledge. Rosenberg, J. (2014). Mass shootings and mental health policy. Journal of Sociology Social Welfare, 41(1), 107-121. Solty, I. (2012). Dear Left: The NRA is right – The mass shooter as high-achiever: Historical-materialist considerations on the resistible fall of James Holmes and the pathologization and culturalization of the cinema massacre in Aurora, Colorado. Socialism Democracy, 26(3), 1-13. Retrieved from 10.1080/08854300.2012.722372 van Gelder, J.-L., de Vries, R. E. (2012). Traits and states: Integrating personality and affect into a model of criminal decision making* traits and states. Criminology, 50(3), 637-671. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2012.00276.x

The Chinese Cultural Revolution Essay -- China History Chinese Red Gua

The Chinese Cultural Revolution The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, beginning as a campaign targeted at removing Chairman Mao Zedong's political opponents, was a time when practically every aspect of Chinese society was in pandemonium. From 1966 through 1969, Mao encouraged revolutionary committees, including the red guards, to take power from the Chinese Communist party authorities of the state. The Red Guards, the majority being young adults, rose up against their teachers, parents, and neighbors. Following Mao and his ideas, The Red Guard's main goal was to eliminate all remnants of the old culture in China. They were the 'frontline implementers' who produced havoc, used bloody force, punished supposed 'counter revolutionists', and overthrew government officials, all in order to support their 'beloved leader'.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ?Red Guards? was a title given to people belonging to many different social groups: workers, peasants, demobilized soldiers and students. A vast majority of the people in this group were youngsters in their mid-teens, who were summoned at their middle schools by Mao. The Red Guard youth soon turned from obedient to rebellious students. Red Scarf Girl is a novel based on truth, terror and courage during the Cultural Revolution. The following excerpt discusses about the hundreds of wall posters the young Red Guard?s wrote, which discriminated against teachers, and members of their community. ?Sheet after sheet, article after article, each da-zi-bao was a bitter accusation. One was titled, ?Teacher Li, Abuser of the Young.? The student had failed to hand in her homework on time, and Teacher Li had told her to copy the assignment over five times as punishment. Another student said his teacher had deliberately ruined his students? eyesight by making them read a lot, so they could not join the Liberation Army. Still another accused Teacher Wang of attempting to corrupt a young revolutionary by buying her some bread when he learned that she had not eaten lunch.? (42) With the incentive of being promoted, the youth set out to change the whole educational system. The students denounced the old curriculum and lessons, which taught abstract ideas not pertaining to the revolution. They vilified respectable administrators, whose only intentions were to educate children and turn them into intelligent young adults. This disruption in the ... ...ng the time of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, mayhem was a part of everyday life. Mao Zedong encouraged rebellious actions from the Red Guards, and rewarded those who shone as leaders. He also targeted his political rivals by provoking the Red Guards to follow his ideas, and annihilate all remnants of china?s old culture. After the revolution ended, the Red guards received the disciplinary actions they deserved, and the tortured victims finally inadvertently received the vengeance they deserved. Works Cited Cheng, Nien. Life and Death in Shanghai. New York, New York: The Penguin Group, 1986. Hoobler, Dorothy, Thomas Hoobler, and Michael Kort, comps. China: Regional Studies Series. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Globe Fearon, 1993. 174-177. Interview Mr. Nien with His Daughter. The Harbinger. 27 Mar. 2001. 21 May 2004 . Jiang, Ji Li. Red Scarf Girl. N.p.: HarperTrophy, n.d. Mr, Nie. Interview with His Daughter. The Harbinger. 27 Mar. 2001. 21 May 2004 . Nie, Mr.. Interview with His Daughter. The Harbinger. 27 Mar. 2001. 21 May 2004 . "Red Guards." Brittanica. "Red Guards." Wikipedia. 20 May 2004 . "Red Guard." tiscali.reference. 21 May 2004 .

The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence :: essays research papers

The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence Israel, slightly larger than Massachusetts, lies at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Egypt on the west, Syria and Jordan on the east, and Lebanon on the north. Its maritime plain is extremely fertile, but only 17% of the land is arable (Figure 1). The southern Negev region, which comprises almost half the total area, is largely a desert. The Jordan River flows from the north through Lake Hule and Lake Kinneret, finally entering the Dead Sea, 1,349 ft below sea level, the world's lowest land elevation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a time of war, it is far too easy to get caught up in the violence, and forget that the true goal is peace. Hate, death, and pain make it difficult for the belligerent nations to think rationally and come up with a plan to end the violence. This is why a third party is necessary. A third party sees the situation from an outsider’s viewpoint. Therefore, they are able to offer better advice and solutions. This situation is applicable to the current Middle East Crisis. Palestine and Israel cannot come to a peaceful solution without the help of the international community. In order to help the feuding parties, the United States needs to be neutral, fair, and unbiased. The current leaders need to avoid the mistakes made by the historical leaders and nations that led to the escalation of the conflict, like McMahon-Hussein Correspondence did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The McMahon-Hussein correspondence is essentially â€Å"a series of letters exchanged, in 1915, between Feisal Hussein, who was Sherif of Mecca at the time, and the British High Commissioner in Egypt, Sir Henry McMahon (Khalidi 1980, 92).† The British were willing to negotiate with the Arabs because they needed military support during the First World War, and the Arabs could provide this support. In this correspondence, the British representative promised to Hussein that if the Arabs revolt against the Turks, the British government would grant them independence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main controversy in McMahon-Hussein correspondence and the question of Palestine at large lies in the certain areas, that McMahon claimed "cannot be said to be purely Arab" and should therefore "be excluded from the proposed limits and boundaries, of the Arab state (Khalidi 1980,117).† There is also an opinion that the correspondence at issue has no legal grounds, since it was never concluded in mutual agreement. The Arab community took the British promise seriously, and the events that took place only a couple of years after the series of letters were passed certainly infuriated the Arab population. The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence :: essays research papers The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence Israel, slightly larger than Massachusetts, lies at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Egypt on the west, Syria and Jordan on the east, and Lebanon on the north. Its maritime plain is extremely fertile, but only 17% of the land is arable (Figure 1). The southern Negev region, which comprises almost half the total area, is largely a desert. The Jordan River flows from the north through Lake Hule and Lake Kinneret, finally entering the Dead Sea, 1,349 ft below sea level, the world's lowest land elevation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a time of war, it is far too easy to get caught up in the violence, and forget that the true goal is peace. Hate, death, and pain make it difficult for the belligerent nations to think rationally and come up with a plan to end the violence. This is why a third party is necessary. A third party sees the situation from an outsider’s viewpoint. Therefore, they are able to offer better advice and solutions. This situation is applicable to the current Middle East Crisis. Palestine and Israel cannot come to a peaceful solution without the help of the international community. In order to help the feuding parties, the United States needs to be neutral, fair, and unbiased. The current leaders need to avoid the mistakes made by the historical leaders and nations that led to the escalation of the conflict, like McMahon-Hussein Correspondence did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The McMahon-Hussein correspondence is essentially â€Å"a series of letters exchanged, in 1915, between Feisal Hussein, who was Sherif of Mecca at the time, and the British High Commissioner in Egypt, Sir Henry McMahon (Khalidi 1980, 92).† The British were willing to negotiate with the Arabs because they needed military support during the First World War, and the Arabs could provide this support. In this correspondence, the British representative promised to Hussein that if the Arabs revolt against the Turks, the British government would grant them independence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main controversy in McMahon-Hussein correspondence and the question of Palestine at large lies in the certain areas, that McMahon claimed "cannot be said to be purely Arab" and should therefore "be excluded from the proposed limits and boundaries, of the Arab state (Khalidi 1980,117).† There is also an opinion that the correspondence at issue has no legal grounds, since it was never concluded in mutual agreement. The Arab community took the British promise seriously, and the events that took place only a couple of years after the series of letters were passed certainly infuriated the Arab population.

Essay Childhood Obesity Essay

Childhood Obesity is a health issue, cause by having excess body weight as well as excess of body fat. This is a serious problem for the future of society especially now that our children are not getting enough physical activities because of technology and unhealthy eating patterns. Children who are obese are likely to be obese as adults. Therefore, this habits can take our children to have serious health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, stroke, high cholesterol, and many others health problems. The environment in which we live is been also part of this problem. Children are surrounded by unhealthy commercials and bad influence from their parents. Beverages like sodas which contains approximately 400 calories, and unhealthy choices of meals have contributed to this epidemic cause. Leading our children by giving them examples of how to prevent this kind of problems could be a solution for a better lifestyle and future. It is important that parents support their children by helping them do a diet and physical activities. If your child look at you as a good example of how to stay healthy, they are more likely to be and stay active for their own. Instead of leaving them playing video games, take them to the park and have fun. Being able to spend more time with your kids and being part of their life, can take them to be better not only mentally, but physically. Childhood obesity is been an enormous problem for our society. Furthermore, it is our responsibility to help the future generations by giving them a good example of living and love for those who needs the most. Web, www.obesityaction.org, www.healthychildren.org

How UPS Delivers Objective Performance Appraisals Essay

Executive SummaryIn the analytic come downking below you give read about UPS and how they deliver objective executing estimates. You will gain an understand of how the writ of execution of PDAs has regulate their rating growth. It will further justify why UPS is not a people-centered participation, how they merged the detailed incidents appraisal technique, the legally defensibility of their military rating program, how they dont cross the melt off line between supervision and snoopervision and what they fire do to improve their driver valuation program.BackgroundFor the United Parcel serve up (UPS) find if objectivity is accurately creation practiced during a review is a difficult appendage but an all meaning(a)(p) one. The implementation of personal digital assistants (PDAs) has helped in for sure the use of objectivity by streamerizing the military rating treat by softw be. During reviews supervisory programs withdraw ride-alongs with their employees to curb procedures and policies be be followed. Before the world of companywide checklists through the PDAs there was no centering of knowing if every employee was receiving the same valuation and creation evaluated on the same scale. PDAs collapse given supervisors the expertness to stay contacted to things much(prenominal) as e-mail term cursorily identifying prepare needs and allowing access to training resources. UPS has seen the advantages of PDAs and will continue to put to a greater extent in the field as they command objectivity and provide a steadfast structure for employee paygrades.AnalysisAccording to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on varlet 273 Jeffrey Pfeffer found a company between people-centered put ons, higher profits, and lower employee turnover. He also identified seven people-centered practices one- trine of which at oncely relate to this instance. The first practice is employee empowerment through decentralization and self-managed teams. decen tralisation check to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008)on rapscallion 254 is counsellings sharing of decision-making authority with lower-level employees. In this case UPS has decided that supervisors instead of uppermanagement such as human resources would conduct ride-alongs to evaluate how well their employees are perform and following procedures. The second practice is sharing of key information. With the implementation of PDAs supervisors are everlastingly connected to e-mail and other important resources.The PDAs fork out made the paygrade run much uniform passim the company and give supervisors the ability to quickly transmit information when they get back to the office. The third practice is comprehensive training. Supervisors lowlife use the PDAs in the field to walk employees through applied methods and identify training needs. Although ternary of the seven people-centered practices relate to this case according to Pfeffer the seven practices are an integrated piece of ground that should not be implemented bit-by-bit and for this reason he would not foreknow UPS a people-centered company. According to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on page 280 consummation appraisal is evaluating short letter slaying as a basis for force play decisions. Based on the information in the case UPS is development the critical incidents technique.The critical incidents technique mentioned in (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on page 281 states, Specific instances of inferior and superior performance are documented by the supervisor when they occur. By conducting ride-alongs with the employees supervisors are in a perfect situation to fulfill the requirements of this technique. The PDAs with the checklists which are the same and used by everyone throughout the company ensure employees are being evaluated on the same procedures and policies and that supervisors are using the same military rating scale when determining hypothecate performance. To avoid legal execute when evaluating an employees performance according to (Kreitner & Cassidy, 2008) on page 280 employers need to base their appraisal systems on the following four criteria, job analysis, behavior oriented, specific written instructions, and reviewed results. UPS with the implementation of PDAs has plunderly satisfied these requirements. Preloaded software has move the evaluation suffice into a standard procedure while identifying and outlining the specific tasks and skills undeniable for an employee to be successful. A series of checklists describing in detail the employees duties give supervisors the ability to objectively rate individual performance no matter who is giving the evaluation or where it is taking place.During an evaluation if an employee is not following procedures supervisors have the ability to figure them in thefield the straightlaced delegacy it needs to be done. After the evaluation the supervisor has everything needed to give direct feedback and suggestions to the employee so they have a clear understanding of how they are doing and how performance can be improved. Snoopervision is a management modal value involving spying and intrusive practices. With this definition in mind UPS does not cross the thin line between supervision and snoopervision. Ride-alongs by supervisors are common practice and the outmatch indicator of an employees performance. The implementation of PDAs have simply given the employee a light chance at receiving an honest evaluation found solely on how they mold by standardizing the evaluation surgical procedure companywide. For most(prenominal) employees in the U.S. a growing name of their employer looking over their shoulder and violating their proper(a) to privacy is becoming more and more evident as technology evolves.In the case of UPS this shouldnt be a concern because the implementation of technology is not being used to spy or to implement intrusive practices but to mightily train and keep employees s afe while preforming their job. After reading the case I think the implementation of the PDAs have greatly improved the driver evaluation program. PDAs maintain a companywide standardized evaluation process with light-colored access to information demand to mighty evaluate, train, and give feedback to employees. Moving frontwards a concentrated effort by upper management needs to be placed on making sure the employees are retaining and transferring information provided to them during the evaluation process to the job. They should also get feedback from their employees on how they viewed the evaluation program, if they gained the knowledge and skills intended, and if any improvements are being made. Implementing persuade-evaluation surveys and quizzes would serve as quick and easy indicators for supervisors if employees are actually learning and understanding the information they are receiving through the evaluation program. Insights /RecommendationsResearching this case has gi ven me a remediate understanding of how important the seven people-centered practices are to an organization and why only 12 percent of organizations are currently considered people-centered. It has heart-to-heart my eyes to the performance appraisal process and how important it is for employers to ensure legal defensibility of their appraisals. acquiringknowledge and information from employees is the key to properly gaining an understanding of how well an evaluation process is working and if any changes need to be made. Moving forward UPS simply needs to continue implementing procedures and policies that ensure the use of objectivity during employee evaluations. Supervisors need to fully understand these procedures and policies and fetch sure they continue to evaluate based on the guidelines listed in the checklists. Assuring proper retention and transfer of knowledge to the job will be an ongoing process and should be evaluated by ride-alongs with the use of post training surve ys and quizzes. For success to continue in the organization communication along with streetwise resources are key and it will be the responsibility of upper management to fool sure both have a strong presence within the organization..

The Speech Given by Romano Prodi

Evaluation of the computer address presumption by Romano Prodi, the hot seat of the European accusation 2000-2005 in Euro parliament, Strasbourg, 15 February 2000. After a readily glance at the speech we can retard a positive inspiration of an ex-prime minister of Italy, to a stronger, healthier Europe thorough a wagerer management of sc be resources (money) and optimization (review our priorities and localise on our event business).To focus on its authoritative priorities to put away low-priority activities and indeed free up resources. Prodi wants to revive the illogical faith in the European institutions. Enlargement, progress, lower unemployment. inflect Europes capacity for prosperity and progress. This vision then, is for an all-round support enabling the construction of a Europe sufficient of upholding its cause responsibilities towards future candidates for accession.Enlargement, approached on a keister of such a b highroad design, adds a enactment of consid erable advantages policy-makingly, it strengthens the role of democracy in east Europe conomically, it offers the aspect of a vaster, to a greater extent free-enterprise(a) market from the security viewpoint, it can represent the showtime point for a fresh all-European system of guarantees, thus playing a complementary role with the gush of NATO, offering Russia reasons for integrating and cooperating with the West.However, usual debates close ready and sustained growth, security, sense of meaning and purpose and intercommunicate its model into a wider world consume a strong political motive. Not only Prodi wants to occupy his personal ambitions, exactly as well want to command the entire process of establishment of new Europe. carnal knowledge to the in-house administrative reform of the consignment. Renewed understanding of the tasks and core business of the counseling that are enshrined in the Treaty, given the new context of interdependence and interactions be tween motley levels of government.Despite denying of thinking imperialistically, the aims are to establish a control over large territories, to impose European principles. We must aim to perform a orbiculate civil power. European interests mentioned by the president of the Commission are nonhing else but a wish for Europe to be a superpower. Prodi paints a picture of a European Union more and more at ease with itself as it grows in some(prenominal) political and economic stature. Take economics first-year Romano Prodis five-year statement, published a week in throw out of his appearance at the European Parliament, is a belong of Thatcherite economic rectitude and Clintons high-tech infospeak.His objectives are clear. To push for continued, if painful, reform of Europes welfare systems and labour markets. To lend oneself the euro-inspired disciplines on earth consumption. To promote the case for promote international trade liberalisation. To point Europe towards a high-va lue service economy, based on high customary educational standards and widespread access to information technology, to impact that of the US. To clamp d let on state subsidies and allow space for private initiative.What Romano Prodi does not say is maybe even more large no more corporatism, no more inflated public spending projects, and no more false promises. His approach leave alone be reinforced at a supernumerary summit of European leaders in capital of Portugal at the end of March. The political willing at last seems to be in place to transform the palaver of economic reform into practice across Europe. Among new priorities, Prodi said the commission ask to improve the tar of its external aid the EU is the worlds largest donor but its work is often slowed and hampered by top-heavy knowledgeable systems and lack of staff where they are needed.It will focus on the Balkans, notably aiming to liberalise trade, build fundament and support political and civil reforms to bring those countries close to the EU, he said. The commission will also smartly conduct EU enlargement negotiations and develop cooperation with Russia and the Mediterranean countries. EU enlargement, aimed at bringing many of those countries into the European family of nations, will be a hard road to travel, Prodi warned. We will have to win over public opinion. We will be open, but also coarse and tough in negotiations. even as Prodi communicate parliament, EU foreign ministers meeting in capital of Belgium were formally opening membership talks with the countenance wave of six applicant countries Malta, Romania, Slovakia, Latvia, Lithuania and Bulgaria. Six others Cyprus, Hungary, Poland, Estonia, the Czechoslovakian Republic and Slovenia have been in talks for both years. Enlargement is necessary, said Prodi, if we are to spread peace, stability and shared values throughout the continent. We must check the public that enlargement is not serious an clumsy necessit y, it is an historical opportunity in our joint political and economic interests.The challenge of enlargement involves break with the past. The prospect of enlargement automatically gives the Union a continent wide posture, which requires a redefinition of its internal policies and makes it a bench mark player for the Russian Federation and Mediterranean area. It also increases the Unions responsibility as a power in the context of world(a)isation. Institutional and democratic challenges are also inevitable. The priority now needs to be changing the methods to ensure that objectives can be understood and acted on successfully.Encourage discussion amongst citizens of European values, issues and decisions. Reform the process for preparing and implementing Community rules and policies to ensure that they are pertinent and coherent. The commission will overhaul its own functioning concentrating on core business and throw off activities. This will be our response to one of the samara c riticisms made by the Committee of Independent Experts the mate between resources and tasks. We will demonstrate that we can stand by them match by shedding activities. He confirm the commissions proposal to decentralise its exclusive powers in contestation policy to national competition authorities and courts, allowing it break down to develop and interpret the rules and deal with competition cases that have a real Community impact. Governance will be run inton to encompass rules, processes and behaviour that equal the way in which powers are exercised at European level, particularly as regards accountability, clarity, transparency, coherence efficiency and effectiveness. Does the Commission act in democratic way? Does the actions master their objectives?What should be done to improve situations? The speech, as I see, has a strong political tone. It is not just about optimizing European management, it is to re-inforce the Commission. None of the European institutions are untouchable. Many of them will be forced to hang thier power. Shift from a procedure-oriented organisation to a policy-oriented one. And Commission is going to be that one. The Commission must become a political driving force to habitus the new Europe, that inspires and manages, acting always in European interest, moving away from the more traditional tasks.His global ambitions demand some attention too. He wants to take a real participation in regulation world class questions such as wars, genocides. In my opinion, his intention is to counterbalance NATO and US trough establishing own European seurity and intervention into at least European conflicts. The concept of governance is aimed at a greens political system of the European Union. Construction of a Community that respects the identity of each of its portion States. Reformation of European modes of governance is all about improving democracy in Europe.Prodis speech to parliament did not draw general praise. Some called it a scientific treatise but not a real political strategy. Others told There is nothing new at all in working program, lots of prose, not much optismism. There are still significant disparities among the countries of Europe and you fail to address these. Prodi said that actions speaks louder than words. Even if a small part of what he intends to do will occur, we shall see a quite contrastive Europe in terms of strength, political behaviour and a strong institute, the Commission.